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日本語学習者のための漢字634 語彙リスト詳細版
語彙リスト詳細版凡例

第2課
15

ニチ

ジツ

sun

;

day

; duration; daily; Sunday; <Japan>
日;天;星期日日;天;星期日날[일];해;날;기간;평소;일요일;<일본>
 訓読み
sun; day; duration

the sun; day
day

3日

みっかthe third (day of the month); three days
duration
日持ちひもちslightly archaicstorable duration; keeping quality(持 259)
音読み
sun
日本にっぽんproper name, traditionalJapan(本 27)
day
~(number)日~にち/~か~th day of the month; ~ day(s)

1日

いちにちa [one] day

13日

じゅうさんにちthe 13th day (of the month); 13 days
*

休日

きゅうじつslightly formalholiday; day off(休 64)
*本日ほんじつformaltoday(本 27)
今日こんにちformalthese days(今 46)
*昨日さくじつformalyesterday(昨=the one before
daily
日記にっきdiary(記 399)
日常のにちじょうのformaldaily; routine(常 572)
日用品にちようひんdaily necessaries(用 118; 488)
Sunday

日曜日

にちようびSunday(曜 22)
"~曜日"(~ようび)(suffix indicating the day of the week)
日曜にちよう= 日曜日
にちabbrev.Sunday(<"日曜日"
<abbreviation of "日本">
来日するらいにちするslightly formalto come to Japan(来62)
特別な読み
sun
日本にほんproper nameJapan
day

1日

ついたちthe first day (of the month)
今日きょうtoday(今 46)
昨日きのう «often written inhiragana» yesterday

16

つき

ゲツ

ガツ

moon

;

month

; Monday
月;星期一月;星期一달[월];달;월;월요일
 訓読み
moon; month

つきthe moon; month
moon
三日月みかづきcrescent moon
month
一月ひとつきslightly archaicone month
音読み
moon
1  満月まんげつfull moon(満 557)
month

(number)

~がつ~th month of the year
‖ 1月いちがつJanuary

2月

にがつFebruary

(number)か月

~かげつ «also written as "~カ月", "~ヶ月~ months

2か月

にかげつtwo months
一月いちげつlegalone month
Monday

月曜日

げつようびMonday
月曜げつよう= 月曜日
げつabbrev.Monday(< "月曜日"

17

、ほ

fire

; imminent; flaming mind; Mars; Tuesday
火;星期二火;星期二불[화];불;절박한;타오르는 마음;화성;화요일
 訓読み
fire

fire

花火

はなびfireworks (花 213)
音読み
fire

火事

かじfire (houses or forest burning) (事 117)
*火薬かやくgunpowder (薬 284)
Mars (planet)
1  火星かせいMars (planet) (星 387)
Tuesday

火曜日

かようびTuesday
火曜かよう= 火曜日
abbrev.Tuesday (< "火曜日"

18

みず

スイ

water

; liquid; flood; Mercury; Wednesday
水;星期三水;星期三물[수];물;액체;수성;수요일
 訓読み
water

みずwater
音読み
water
水道すいどうwater supply (道 216)
水素すいそhydrogen (素= element
1  洪水こうずいflood (洪= be flooded
香水こうすい(liquid) perfume (香= fragrance
liquid
*水銀すいぎんmercury (of metal); hydrargyrum (銀 36)
Mercury (planet)
水星すいせいMercury (planet)
Wednesday

水曜日

すいようびWednesday
水曜すいよう= 水曜日
すいabbrev.Wednesday (< "水曜日"

19

モク

ボク

tree

; wood; Jupiter; Thursday
树;木;星期四樹;木;星期四나무[목];나무;목성;목요일
 訓読み
tree; wood

tree; wood
tree
*木陰こかげshade of a tree (陰= shade
1  木枯らしこがらしwintry wind (blowing between late autumn and early winter) (枯= wither

木漏れ日

こもれびsunshine filtering through foliage (漏= leak
(others)

木村さん)

きむらさん)proper name(family name of Japanese) (村 272)
"~さん" used as a courtesy title after a person's name (not only a family name, but also a given name, a full name, his/her position title and some occupational titles)
鈴木 (さん )  すずき (さん )  proper name(family name of Japanese)
音読み
tree

大木

たいぼく(symbolic) towering tree (←"big tree";formalbig [tall] tree (大 84)
wood
木材もくざいlumber; timber; wood (材= timber
Jupiter (planet)
*木星もくせいJupiter (planet)
Thursday

木曜日

もくようびThursday
木曜もくよう= 木曜日
もくabbrev.Thursday (< "木曜日"

20

かね

かな

キン

コン

gold

; golden; metal; precious;

money

; Venus; Friday
金;金属;钱;星期五金;金屬;錢;星期五쇠[금];금;금속;귀중하다;돈;금성;금요일
 訓読み
metal
1  金槌かなづちhammer (槌= hammer
*金網かなあみwire netting; wire fence; wire mesh; wire gauze (網= net

金具

かなぐmetal fittings (具 606)
かねslightly archaicmetal
money
かねrough-spoken or written wordmoney

お金

おかねpolite or colloquialmoney
"お~" (prefix attached to some nouns, adding the sense of politeness)
音読み
gold

きんgold
金メダルきんめだるgold medal
1  

黄金

おうごんformal and poeticgold (黄= yellow
golden
*金色きんいろgold (color) (色 276)
金閣寺きんかくじproper nameKinkakuji Temple (in Kyoto) (< literally, "Temple of the Golden Pavilion")(閣= pavilion; 208)
metal
金属きんぞくmetal (属= belong to
money

現金

げんきんcash (現 425)
金庫きんこsafe box (庫= storage place
Venus (planet)
*金星きんせいVenus (planet)
Friday

金曜日

きんようびFriday
金曜きんよう= 金曜日
きんabbrev.Friday (< "金曜日"

21

つち

soil

; ground; land; local; Saturn; Saturday
土;星期六土;星期六흙[토];흙;땅;토성;토요일
 訓読み
soil

つちsoil
音読み
soil
1  土木どぼくengineering works (= "土木工事"(どぼくこうじ)); civil engineering (= "土木工学"(どぼくこうがく))
ground

土地

とちslightly formalland (地 162)
Saturn (planet)
*土星どせいSaturn (planet)
Saturday

土曜日

どようびSaturday
土曜どよう= 土曜日
abbrev.Saturday (< "土曜日"
土日どにちSaturday and Sunday; Saturdays and Sundays
特別な読み
local

土産

みやげhomecoming gifts; souvenir (産 501)

お土産

おみやげpolite or colloquialhomecoming gifts; souvenir

22

ヨウ

shine; heavenly luminary;

day of the week

曜:星期曜;星期빛날[요];빛나다;(해, 달 등) 발광체;요일
音読み
shine
黒曜石こくようせきobsidian (黒 91; 485)
heavenly luminary
七曜星しちようせいarchaicthe seven luminaries (sun, moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn)
day of the week

曜日

ようびday of the week

23

やま

サン

mountain

; wild living or growing; pile (of); raised part; parade float; mine; crucial point; speculation; temple
山;堆;凸起部分;祭典的花车;矿山;关头;猜测考试题;寺院
山;堆;凸起部分;祭典的花車;礦山;關頭;猜測考試題;寺院
메[산];산;야생의;산더미;축제 때 끌고 다니는 장식한 수레;광산;고비;요행수;사원
 訓読み
mountain; pile (of); raised part; parade float; crucial point; speculation

やまmountain
mountain
山登りやまのぼりmountain climbing; hiking (登 340)

円山公園

まるやまこうえんproper nameMaruyama Park (公 245; 246)
音読み
mountain

富士山

ふじさんproper nameMt. Fuji

火山

かざんvolcano
登山とざんslightly formalmountain climbing; mountaineering (登 340)
pile (of)
沢山たくさん «generally written in hiragana»  plenty (of); a lot (of); lots (of); enough; too many; too much (沢= abundant

24

かわ

セン

river

川;河川;河내[천];강
 訓読み
river

かわriver

隅田川

すみだがわproper namethe Sumida River (田 25)

ナイル川

ないるがわproper namethe Nile River; the Nile
アマゾン川あまぞんがわproper namethe Amazon River; the Amazon
ミシシッピ川みししっぴがわproper namethe Mississippi River; the Mississippi
(others)

山川さん)

やまかわさん)proper name(family name of Japanese)
音読み
river
1  

河川

かせんformalriver (河= river
(others)
*川柳せんりゅうsenryū (comic haiku)

25

デン

cultivated field;

rice field

; field producing something; rural area
田;水田;乡田;水田;鄉밭[전];밭;논;것을 산출하는 땅;시골
 訓読み
rice field

rice field
*

田んぼ

たんぼcolloquialrice field
(others)

山田さん)

やまださん)proper name(family name of Japanese)
川田 (さん )  かわだ/かわた (さん )  proper name(family name of Japanese)
金田 (さん )  かねだ/かねた (さん )  proper name(family name of Japanese)
土田 (さん )  つちだ (さん )  proper name(family name of Japanese)
音読み
rice field
1  

水田

すいでんformalrice field
field producing something
*油田ゆでんoilfield (油 486)
塩田えんでんsalt pan (塩 613)
特別な読み
rural area

田舎

いなかcountryside; the country; one's home village (舎= hut; house

26

なか

チュウ

ジュウ

middle

;

inside

; in the course of; halfway; somewhat; hit (the mark); damage to the body; companion; throughout
中;里;正在;稍微;伙;整-;全-中;裡;正在;稍微;夥伴;整-;全-
가운데[중];가운데;안;속;중;중간에;좀;맞다;몸에 해를 끼치다;한패;온
 訓読み
middle

真ん中

まんなかcenter; middle (真 170)
‖ 教室の真ん中にきょうしつのまんなかにin the middle of a classroom
背中せなかback (of the body) (背= back
夜中よなかmidnight (夜 57)
inside

なかinside; among (them)
‖ 教室の中にきょうしつのなかにin a classroom
中身なかみ «also written as "中味content; substance (身 564)
(others)

田中さん)

たなかさん)proper name(family name of Japanese)
中田 (さん )  なかた/なかだ (さん )  proper name(family name of Japanese)

中山さん)

なかやまさん)proper name(family name of Japanese)

中川さん)

なかがわさん)proper name(family name of Japanese)
音読み
middle

中国

ちゅうごくproper nameChina (国 32)
中国地方ちゅうごくちほうproper nameChūgoku region (the westernmost part of Honshū Island and its surrounding smaller islands and islets. It consists of the prefectures of Okayama, Hiroshima, Yamaguchi, Shimane and Tottori.) (地 162; 59)
中部地方ちゅうぶちほうproper nameChūbu region (a region in the middle of Honshū Island and its surrounding smaller islands and islets. It consists of the prefectures of Aichi, Gifu, Shizuoka, Yamanashi, Nagano, Niigata, Toyama, Ishikawa and Fukui.) (部 201)

中心

ちゅうしんslightly formalcenter; middle (心 285)
中央ちゅうおうformal(area of the) middle; adjectivally modifying the following nouncentral (央 middle
*中級ちゅうきゅうintermediate
中学校ちゅうがっこうjunior high school (lower secondary school) (学 28; 29))
*中学生ちゅうがくせいjunior high school [lower secondary school] student (生 261)
中旬ちゅうじゅんslightly formalmiddle (ten days) of a month (旬= ten-day period
中世ちゅうせいhistoricalMiddle Ages, medieval period (世 262)
中米ちゅうべい〈flat accentCentral America (米 372)
in the course of

~中

~ちゅうin (the course of) ~

授業中

じゅぎょうちゅう(be) in class (授 325; 326)
‖ 工事中こうじちゅうunder construction; MEN AT WORK (at a traffic sign) (工 481; 117)
‖ 会議中かいぎちゅう(be) in a meetings (会 72; 190)
‖ 使用中しようちゅうformal or written wordgenerally used for door signs such as a restroom and a meeting roomin use; occupied; engaged (使 290; 118)
~中に~じゅうにby the end of ~; in the course of ~
‖ 今日中にきょうじゅうにby the end of the day; in the course of the day (今 46)
halfway
中止ちゅうしslightly formalstopping (of an action); cancellation (of a plan, of a game); discontinuation (止 255)
途中とちゅうhalfway; on the way; in the middle of (途= route
somewhat (←"halfway"
中古ちゅうこ(/ちゅうぶる《archaic》)secondhand; adjectivally modifying the following nounused (古 89)
damage to the body
1  中毒ちゅうどくpoisoning; addiction (毒= poison
throughout

~中

~じゅうthroughout ~

一日中

いちにちじゅうall day long
‖ 日本中にほんじゅう/にっぽんじゅうall over Japan; throughout Japan (本 27)
‖ 世界中せかいじゅうall over the world; throughout the world (世 262; 263)

27

もと

ホン

root; plant; basis;

origin

; original; source of wealth; inherent; home;

main

; formal;

real

; in question; this; example;

book

; counter for long and thin objects;
/根本;总;正式;真;样;书;-根;-条;-支(表示细长东西的量词)
/根本;總;正式;真;樣;書;-根;-條;-支(表示細長東西的量詞)
근본[본];근본;식물;기원;본;본-;주되다;정식의;진짜;이;책;긴 것을 세는 단위
 訓読み
root; basis
*根本ねもと «also written as "根元(part near the) root; root (of a problem, habit, etc.); base (of a plant, tree, pillar, etc.) (根= root
(others)

山本 (さん ) 

やまもと (さん )  proper name(family name of Japanese)
松本 (さん )  まつもと (さん )  proper name(family name of Japanese)
音読み
root; basis
1根本こんぽんslightly formalbasis [foundation] (of something abstract such as theory, matter); root (of a problem, of abstract matter)
plant
草本そうほんbotanyherbaceous plant (草= grass
木本もくほんbotanywoody plant
origin

日本

にほんにっぽんproper nameJapan
original
1  原本げんぽんoriginal (document) (原 582)
source of wealth
資本しほんeconomicscapital (wealth or property);popularly usedasset (資 594)
main
*

本社

ほんしゃhead [main] office (of a company) (社 35)
本州ほんしゅうproper nameHonshū Island (the largest island of Japan's four main islands, which comprises five regions: Tōhoku, Kantō, Chūbu, Kinki and Chūgoku) (州= provinces
real
本当ほんとうtruth; reality; actuality; fact (当 539)
‖ 本当?ほんとう?Really?
   NOTE: "ほんと" is often used in casual conversation. In that case, officially, it is written only in hiragana.
本当のほんとうのtrue; real; actual
1  本音ほんねone's real [true] feelings [intention] (音 174)
in question
本人ほんにんthe person in question; the person himself [herself] (人 33)
this
*本日ほんじつformaltoday
book (←"something that serves as an example"

ほんbook
*

本屋

ほんやbookstore (屋 185)
counter for long and thin objects
~(number)本~ほん~ (stick(s), pencil(s), cylindrical item(s), etc.)
‖ 鉛筆が2本あります。えんぴつがにほんあります。There are two pencils.
counter for things suggestive of long and thin objects
~(number)本~ほん(counter for films, videos, TV programs, etc.; counter for goals for sports, home runs for baseball, etc.; counter for telephone calls)
(others)

本田さん)

ほんださん)proper name(family name of Japanese)





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