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日本語学習者のための漢字634 語彙リスト詳細版
語彙リスト詳細版凡例

第3課
(84)

()

ダイ

big

; highest seat
큰[대];크다;최상위
More readings and meanings Lesson 6
音読み
highest seat

大学

だいがくuniversity; college

28

まな()

ガク

study

; <school; learning>
배울[학];배우다;<학교;학문>
 訓読み
study

学ぶ

まなぶ formalto learn [study] independently; to receive instruction of knowledge; to acquire knowledge or skill by studying or learning
音読み
study
学問がくもんformallearning; academics (問 320)
学校がっこうschool (including university and college)
*独学どくがくself-education(独= alone

大学院

だいがくいんgraduate school (院 200)
<abbreviation of "学校" or "学問">

大学

だいがくuniversity [college]
‖ 北海道大学ほっかいどうだいがくHokkaidō University (北 132; 217; 216)
1  工学こうがくacademicengineering (工 481)

学部

がくぶfaculty [school] (of a university) (部 201)
~学部~がくぶfaculty [school] of
‖ 工学部こうがくぶfaculty [school] of engineering (工 481)

29

コウ

school

; check up; commander of an army
학교[교];학교;대조하다;군의 지휘관
音読み
school

学校

がっこうschool (including university and college)
check up
*校正こうせいproofreading (正 312)
commander of an army (← In ancient China, the residence of a commander was set up in a palisade made with crossed wood.
*将校しょうこうcommissioned officer (将 586)
<abbreviation of "校正">
初校しょこうprintingthe first proof (初 395)
再校さいこうprintingthe second proof (再 598)
三校さんこうprintingthe third proof

(261)

()

セイ

ショウ

be born

; life;

studying person

生;活;-生(学习的人)生;活;-生(學習的人)날[생];태어나다;살다;공부하는 사람
More readings and meanings Lesson 15
音読み
be born
先生せんせいteacher; sensei (an honorific title or a term of address for a person who is in a leading position such as a teacher, a doctor, and a lawyer)

誕生日

たんじょうびbirthday (誕= be born
life
生活せいかつlife (one's daily existence); living (in society); livelihood (活 400)

一生懸命

いっしょうけんめい(to do) as well as one can; with all one's might; (to work) hard originally, " 一所懸命"(いっしょけんめい); 195))(懸= join together; to stake; 命= life
studying person (←"immature"

学生

がくせいstudent

大学生

だいがくせいuniversity [college] student

大学院生

だいがくいんせいgraduate student (院 200)

留学生

りゅうがくせいinternational student (留 398)

30

さき

セン

forefront; ahead;

preceding

; tip; destination; counterpart
最前部;前方;前途;先;上(周、月);尖;去处;对方最前部;前方;前途;先;上(週、月);尖;去處;對方
먼저[선];맨 앞쪽;앞;먼저;지난-;끝;목적지;-처;상대편
 訓読み
forefront; ahead; preceding; tip
さき〈flat accentahead; tip
‖ ペンの先ぺんのさきtip of a pen
‖ この先このさきahead; in the future
‖ トイレはこの先です。といれはこのさきです。The toilet is up ahead.

先に

(+V)さきに〈flat accent(to do) first
‖ 先に帰ります。さきにかえります。I'll go home first. (帰 63)
‖ お先に失礼します。おさきにしつれいします。formal greeting in an officeI'm leaving for today. See you (tomorrow). (←"Excuse me for leaving before you.")(失 570; 571)
‖ お先に。 おさきに。 informal(informal expression of "お先に失礼します。")
preceding (↔ "following"
先の(+event or title of postさきのhead-high accent(no modifier) formalformer
destination
行き先いきさきdestination (行 61)
*旅先さびさきthe place where one is traveling (旅 168)
1  勤め先つとめさきone's workplace; one's office (勤 402)
宛先あてさきdestination (of a letter, package or email); address; 'To:' (in an email software) (宛= address to
counterpart
連絡先れんらくさきplace to contact; contact address; contact information (連 378; 397)
音読み
preceding (↔ "following"

先生

せんせいteacher; sensei (an honorific title or a term of address for a person who is in a leading position such as a teacher, a doctor, and a lawyer)
先輩せんぱいthose who entered the school [company, university] earlier than one (輩= fellow
1  優先ゆうせんpriority; precedence (優 526)
先月せんげつlast month
先週せんしゅうlast week (週 47)
先々週せんせんしゅうweek before last
先日せんじつslightly formalthe other day

31

わたし

わたくし

private; egoistic;

I

私;我私;我사사로울[사];사사롭다;남모르다;자기 본위의;나;저
 訓読み
I

わたし formal in the case of the use by a maleI

わたくしvery formalI
私達(私たち) わたしたち «"", officially written in hiragana» formal in the case of the use by a malewe (達 146)
音読み
private

私立大学

しりつだいがくprivate university [college] (立 253)
*私語しごslightly formalselfish talk (in class or in conference, etc.); talk in a whisper (語 34)

32

くに

コク

country

; province (of ancient Japan); hometown; native Japanese (culture); <international>
国;国家;令制国;乡;固有日本的(文化)國;國家;令制國;故鄉;固有日本的(文化)
나라[국];나라;율령국;시골;일본 고유의 (문화);<국제>
 訓読み
country; province (of ancient Japan); hometown

くにcountry; one's own country; government

お国

おくにcolloquial and politeyour country;exaggeratedlyone's own country
(お~ (prefix attached to some nouns, adding the sense of politeness)
province (of ancient Japan)
武蔵国むさしのくにproper nameMusashi Province, a province of premodern Japan which today comprises Tokyo, most of Saitama Prefecture, and parts of Kanagawa Prefecture including Yokohama and Kawasaki. Incidentally, the height of the Tokyo Skytree is 634 meters, which is said to have come from a play on word of 'Musashi' (mu(ttsu) = 6, sa(n) = 3, shi = 4).
*雪国ゆきぐにsnow country (in Japan); regions with heavy snowfalls (in Japan) (雪 210)
音読み
country

外国

がいこくforeign country (外 212)

韓国

かんこくproper nameKorea

中国

ちゅうごくproper nameChina

国立大学

こくりつだいがくnational university [college] (立 253)
国民こくみんslightly formalnation (as a member of a sovereign state) (民 273)
国籍こくせきformalnationality; citizenship (籍= registration
国際こくさいprefixinternational (際 383)
       archaicdiplomatic intercourse
万国ばんこくformalall nations; all (the) countries on earth
province (of ancient Japan)
四国しこくproper nameShikoku Island (the smallest of Japan's four main islands, and located to the southwest of Honshū Island and to the east of Kyūshū Island); Shikoku region(< an abbreviation of "四国地方"
四国地方しこくちほうproper nameShikoku region (comprising Shikoku Island and its surrounding smaller islands and islets. It consists of the prefectures of Tokushima, Kagawa, Ehime and Kochi.) (地 162; 59)
中国地方ちゅうごくちほうproper nameChūgoku region (the westernmost part of Honshū Island and its surrounding smaller islands and islets. It consists of the prefectures of Okayama, Hiroshima, Yamaguchi, Shimane and Tottori.)
全国ぜんこくthe whole country; all parts of the country (全 509)
<abbreviation of "国際">
1  国連こくれんUnited Nations (< "国際連合"(こくさいれんごう))(連 378; 300)

33

ひと

ジン

ニン

person

; other people
人;别人人;別人사람[인];사람
 訓読み
person; other people

ひとperson; people
person

あの人

あのひとthat person; he; she
恋人こいびとslightly formalsweetheart; lover; boyfriend; girlfriend (in a romantic relationship) (恋= feeling of yearning for love
*人々ひとびとformalpeople "" is an ideographic iteration mark, indicating that the previous kanji should be repeated.
音読み
person
他人たにんslightly formalothers; unrelated person (他 581)

(number)

~にん~ people (suffix indicating the number of people)

3人

さんにんthree people

~人

~じん~ people (suffix indicating a person of nationality, of a nation, or of a sense of identification with a certain region)

日本人

にほんじんにっぽんじんJapanese (people)

アメリカ人

あめりかじんAmerican (people)

タイ人

たいじんThai (person from Thailand)
‖ 中国人ちゅうごくじんChinese (people)
‖ 韓国人かんこくじんKorean (people)
‖ 北海道人ほっかいどうじんperson who has a sense of identification with Hokkaidō (北 132; 217; 216)
  cf. "北海道民"(ほっかいどうみん)residents of Hokkaidō (民 273))
‖ 台湾人たいわんじんTaiwanese (people) (台 105)
外国人がいこくじんforeigner (外 212)
other people
人気にんきpopularity (気 96)
特別な読み
person
1人ひとりone person
2人ふたりtwo people
大人おとなadult (大 84)

34

かた(る)

、かた(らう)

talk; narrate;

word

;

language

语;谈;话;词語;談;話;詞말씀[어];이야기하다;낱말;언어
 訓読み
talk; narrate

語る

かたるformalto talk; to narrate
narrate

物語

ものがたりtale; story (物 167)
音読み
talk
*私語しごslightly formalselfish talk (in class or in conference, etc.); talk in a whisper
word
*外来語がいらいごloan word (外 212; 62)
敬語けいごterm of respect (敬= respect
単語たんごslightly formalword (単= single 452)
熟語じゅくごkanji compound word; compound term; idiom; idiomatic phrase (熟= mature; compound
1  語彙ごいformalvocabulary; lexicon (彙= collection
language
*

日本語

にほんごJapanese (language)

英語

えいごEnglish (language) (英 119)
*

中国語

ちゅうごくごChinese (language)
*

韓国語

かんこくごKorean (language)
タイ語たいごThai (language)
フランス語ふらんすごFrench (language)
*

外国語

がいこくごforeign language (外 212)
言語げんごformallanguage (言 257)
*言語学げんごがくacademiclinguistics
標準語ひょうじゅんごstandard language (標= mark; standard; 592)
共通語きょうつうごcommon language (共 562; 336)

(72)

()

カイ

meet

; assembly
会;见會;見모일[회];만나다;조직된 단체
More readings and meanings Lesson 5
音読み
meet
会話かいわconversation (話 258)
assembly

会社

かいしゃcompany

35

やしろ

シャ

land god; shrine;

society

; organization; <company>
모일[사];토지신;사당;사회;단체;<회사>
音読み
land god
社稷しゃしょくhistoricalthe god of the land and the god of the five main cereals; guardian gods of the nation; nation (稷= proso millet; God of Five Grains
shrine

神社

じんじゃShintō shrine (cf. Shintō"神道"(しんとう)): a religion indigenous to Japan) (神 207)
society

社会

しゃかいsociety
organization

会社

かいしゃcompany

ガス会社

がすがいしゃgas company
<abbreviation of "会社">
しゃcompany (< "会社")
本社ほんしゃhead [main] office (of a company)

新聞社

しんぶんしゃnewspaper company (新 88; 71)
社長しゃちょうcompany president (長 237)

36

ギン

silver

; money; something shining white
은[은];은;금 다음가는 것;돈;희게 빛나는 것
音読み
silver

ぎんsilver
*水銀すいぎんmercury (of metal); hydrargyrum
銀閣寺ぎんかくじproper nameGinkakuji Temple (in Kyoto) (< literally, "Temple of the Silver Pavilion")(閣= pavilion; 208)

銀メダル

ぎんめだるsilver medal
money (←"silver coin"

銀行

ぎんこうbank
something shining white
*銀河ぎんがastronomy or poeticgalaxy (河= river

(61)

()

コウ

go

; commercial firm
行;去行;去다닐[행];가다;상회
More readings and meanings Lesson 5
音読み
go
旅行りょこうtravel; trip; tour; journey; voyage (旅 168)
commercial firm (←"guild organization of merchants" in old times

銀行

ぎんこうbank

37

イン

the number; prescribed number of people;

member

; breadth
员;额員;額인원[원];수효;규정 인원수;일원;넓이
音読み
the number (of people or objects)
定員ていいんformalfixed number of places; prescribed number of regular personnel; seating capacity; capacity (of an elevator, a train unit, etc.); quota (定 357)
金員きんいんlegal(amount of) money
the number (of people or objects); prescribed number of people
満員まんいんslightly formalfull (of people); capacity crowd; crowded (bus or train) (満 557)
prescribed number of people
*欠員けついんformalvacancy (of staff); vacant position [post]; job opening (欠 368)
member

会社員

かいしゃいんcompany employee
*

社員

しゃいんmember of a company
‖ A社の社員えーしゃのしゃいんmember of A. Company
店員てんいん(store) clerk; shop assistant (店 186)
*

銀行員

ぎんこういんbank clerk; banker
*駅員えきいんstation staff (駅 159)

会員

かいいんmember; membership (会 72)
VISAカードの会員びざかーどのかいいんVISA Card member
委員いいんmember of a committee; committee member (委= entrust
委員会いいんかいcommittee; commission
全員ぜんいんslightly formalall the members; everyone (全 509)
breadth
幅員ふくいんvery formalwidth (of a road) (幅= width

38

medical

; <doctor>
의원[의];의술;<의사>
音読み
medical

医者

いしゃ(medical) doctor;informalclinic; hospital
歯医者はいしゃdentist; the dentist('s) (歯 280)
医師いしformal(medical) doctor (師= mentor

医学

いがくacademicmedical science

医学部

いがくぶfaculty [school] of medicine (部 201)
<abbreviation of "医者" or "医師">
歯科医しかいformaldentist (< officially, "歯科医師"(しかいし))

39

もの

シャ

suffix for the matter of a specific character;

person of a specific character

者;人者;人놈[자];(특정성질의) 것;(특정성질의) 사람
 訓読み
person of a specific character
1  

若者

わかものslightly formal and slightly archaicyoung person; the youth (若 246)
*働き者はたらきものhardworking person; hard worker (働 78)
ものformal, used with a qualifierperson (referring to a person honorifics are not used for, such as one's inner group member or a subordinate)
音読み
suffix for the matter of a specific character
前者ぜんしゃformalthe former (前 52)
後者こうしゃformalthe latter (後 53)
suffix for the matter of a specific character; person of a specific character
*両者りょうしゃformalboth of them; both sides; both persons; both things (両 438)
person of a specific character

医者

いしゃ(medical) doctor;informalclinic; hospital
お医者さんおいしゃさんcolloquial and politedoctor (an honorific title);informalclinic; hospital

歯医者

はいしゃdentist; the dentist('s) (歯 280)
歯医者さんはいしゃさんcolloquial and politedentist; the dentist('s)

学者

がくしゃscholar, scientist (those who have an academic authority such as an university professor)
筆者ひっしゃslightly formalwriter (筆= brush; writing
*

忍者

にんじゃninja (professional spy highly trained in stealth and secrecy in feudal Japan) (忍= endure; do by stealth

40

()

ケン

sharpen; wash (rice);

polish up

磨(刃具);淘(米);研磨(刃具);淘(米);研갈[연];(칼을) 갈다;연마하다;(쌀을) 씻다;연마하다;닦다
 訓読み
sharpen; wash (rice)
1  

研ぐ

とぐto sharpen (a knife); to wash (rice)
音読み
polish up

研究

けんきゅうresearch
研修けんしゅうtraining (for a job); induction course; on-the-job training (修= to master
研修生せんしゅうせいtrainee

41

きわ(める)

キュウ

get into the depth

궁구할[구];깊숙한 곳까지 다다르다
 訓読み
get into the depth

究める

きわめるto study [investigate] thoroughly
音読み
get into the depth

研究

けんきゅうresearch

研究生

けんきゅうせいresearch student

研究員

けんきゅういんresearcher, research worker (a staff engaged in research activities in a research
institute)

研究者

けんきゅうしゃscholar; researcher
研究室けんきゅうしつlaboratory; research lab; professor's office (室 189)





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