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日本語学習者のための漢字634 語彙リスト詳細版
語彙リスト詳細版凡例

第6課
84

おお(きい)

、おお、おお(いに)

ダイ

タイ

big

; large; size; great; very; highest seat; important; major; general; owner (of a rented house); solid (bodily waste); <university>
大;很;太;(房)东大;很;太;(房)東큰[대];크다;대-;대단하다;최상위;대강;(셋집) 주인;<대학(교)>
 訓読み
big; large; great; important; major

大きい

おおきいobjectivebig; large
大きなおおきなsubjectivebig; large (especially used of things that cannot be quantified or compared)
large
大勢おおぜいa great [large] number of people
size
*大きさおおきさsize; magnitude; amplitude; volume
owner (of a rented house)
大家おおやowner (of a rented house) (家 147)
(others)

大阪

おおさかproper nameOsaka (place name)
大木 (さん )  おおき (さん )  proper name(family name of Japanese)
音読み
big; large
大会たいかいlarge-scale event; convention; (speech) contest; (sports) festival [competition, meet, meeting]
‖ マラソン大会まらそんたいかいmarathon (event)
‖ 花火大会はなびたいかいfireworks (festival, event) (花 213)
big
大木たいぼく(symbolic) towering tree (←"big tree";formalbig [tall] tree
*大豆だいずsoybean; soya bean
great
大丈夫なだいじょうぶなinformalall right; safe (←"sturdy" "respectable adult male")(夫 153)
very

大変な

たいへんなserious; tough; hard (work) (変 347)
‖ 漢字の勉強は大変です。かんじのべんきょうはたいへんです。It's tough to study kanji.
大変たいへん «generally written in hiragana» slightly formaladv.very; exceedingly
‖ 大変よくできました。たいへんよくできました。slightly formalVery good.
大切なたいせつなimportant; valuable; precious (by an individual judgement, but with a social consensus) (切 100)
highest seat

大学

だいがくuniversity; college
大学院だいがくいんgraduate school (院 200)
大統領だいとうりょうPresident (統= integrate; govern; 領= manage
大臣だいじんminister (臣= subject of a monarch
大使たいしambassador (使 290)
important
大事なだいじなsubjectiveprecious; valuable; important (事 117)
‖ お大事に。おだいじに。I hope you get well soon.
major
大部分だいぶぶん(~の大部分)most (of); the greater [large] part (of); the majority [bulk] (of) (部 201)
日本三大祭りにほんさんだいまつりJapan's three major festivals (Gion Matsuri in Kyoto, Tenjin Matsuri in Osaka, and Kanda Matsuri in Tokyo) (祭 462)
general
大抵たいてい «generally written in hiragana» (about the degree or frequency) generally; usually; mostly
大体だいたい «generally written in hiragana» (about the amount or level of something) nearly; generally; almost; more or less (体 277)
特別な読み
major

大人

おとなadult

85

ちい(さい)

ショウ

small

; slight(ly); trivial; elementary (school); humble prefix for a thing concerning oneself; liquid (bodily waste)
작을[소];작다;소-;초등(학교);자신에 관한 것에 대한 겸칭
 訓読み
small; slight(ly); trivial

小さい

ちいさいsmall; little
small

小鳥

ことりlittle [small] bird (鳥 178)
‖ カラスは小鳥じゃありません。からすはことりじゃありません。A crow is not a small bird.
*

小川

おがわ(small) stream
(phonetic equivalent)
小麦こむぎwheat (麦= a type of grain, the generic name for barley (大麦(おおむぎ)), wheat (小麦(こむぎ)), oats (燕麦(えんばく)), and rye (ライ麦(らいむぎ))
小麦粉こむぎこ(wheat) flour (粉= powder
(others)
小樽おたるproper nameOtaru (place name)
音読み
small
小テストしょうてすとquiz
trivial
小説しょうせつnovel; story (説 305)
elementary (school)

小学校

しょうがっこうelementary [primary] school

小学生

しょうがくせいelementary [primary] school student
小学1年生しょうがくいちねんせい «also written as "小学一年生first grade elementary [primary] school student
<abbreviation of "小学校">
中川小なかがわしょうproper nameabbreviation of "中川小学校"(なかがわしょうがっこう)
小1しょういちabbreviation of "小学1年生"(しょうがくいちねんせい)
特別な読み
small
小豆あずきadzuki bean (豆= bean

86

たか(い)

、たか、たか(まる)、たか(める)

コウ

high

; tall; prominent (nose); eminent; arrogant; rise; loud and clear; aged;

expensive

; amount; extent; term of respect for another's behavior; <higher>
高;贵;量;额;程度;<高等>高;貴;量;額;程度;<高等>
높을[고];높다;(키랑 코가) 크다;거만하다;비싸다;-고;고작;상대방의 행위에 대한 경의를 나타내는 말;<고등>
 訓読み
high; tall; prominent (nose); eminent; arrogant; expensive

高い

たかいhigh; tall; expensive
high
*円高えんだかappreciation of yen; high exchange rate of the yen (against other currencies, especially U.S. dollar as a key currency)
(others)

高山さん)

たかやまさん)proper name(family name of Japanese)
音読み
high
高等なこうとうなformalhigher (等= equal; class
高等学校こうとうがっこうofficialhigh school

高山

こうざんformallofty mountain; high mountain
<abbreviation of "高等" or "高等学校">

高校

こうこうhigh school (< "高等学校"(こうとうがっこう))

高校生

こうこうせいhigh school student
高裁こうさいhigh court (< "高等裁判所"(こうとうさいばんしょ))

87

やす(い)

アン

calm;

safe

; easy;

inexpensive

; cheap
安;放(心);简单;便宜;贱安;放(心);簡單;便宜;低廉편안할[안];편안하다;안전하다;손쉽다;싸다
 訓読み
calm
*安らぎやすらぎpeace of mind; calmness (given to a person's mind)
inexpensive; cheap

安い

やすいinexpensive; cheap; low (price)
inexpensive
*円安えんやすdepreciation of yen; low exchange rate of the yen (against other currencies, especially U.S. dollar as a key currency)
cheap
*安物やすものcheap goods (of inferior quality) (物 167)
音読み
calm
安定するあんていするto become stable; to be stabilized; to settle down (定 357)
1  安静あんせいslightly formalkeeping quiet (in bed because of illness) (静 388)
calm; safe

安心する

あんしんするto be relieved; to feel safe; to feel reassured (心 285)
safe
安全なあんぜんなsafe; secure (全 509)
‖ すすきのは安全なところですか。すすきのはあんぜんなところですか。Is Susukino a safe place?
1  治安ちあんpublic order; public security (治 473)
inexpensive
安価なあんかなformallow-priced; inexpensive; cheap (価 430)

88

あたら(しい)

あら()

、にい

シン

new

새로울[신];새롭다;새
 訓読み
new

新しい

あたらしいnew; fresh

新たな

あらたなformal, slightly archaic and abstractnew; fresh (used at a completely new time or when starting anew)
音読み
new

新聞

しんぶんnewspaper
*新聞紙しんぶんしpaper used for a newspaper;archaicnewspaper (紙 123)
*

新年

しんねんnew year
新幹線しんかんせんShinkansen; Japanese bullet train (線 382; 幹= trunk
*更新こうしんrenewal; update (更= replace

89

ふる(い)

、ふる()

old

; ancient; wear out
古;旧古;舊옛[고];오래되다;낡다;헌-
 訓読み
old; ancient

古い

ふるいold (not for a person); stale
old
*古本ふるほんsecond-hand book
古本屋ふるほんやsecond-hand bookstore (屋 185)
音読み
old
古書こしょformalold book; second-hand book
古書店こしょてんformalsecond-hand bookstore (店 186)

中古

ちゅうこ(/ちゅうぶる《archaic》)secondhand; adjectivally modifying the following nounused
‖ 中古パソコンは安いです。ちゅうこぱそこんはやすいです。A used PC is inexpensive.
古典こてんclassic; classical literature (典= fundamental work
ancient
1  古代こだいancient times; antiquity (代 513)

90

しろ(い)

、しろ、

しら

ハク

、ビャク

white

; innocent; (get) light; apparent; lose interest; blank; remark; state in a respectful manner
白;白色;扫兴;空白白;白色;掃興;空白
흰[백];희다;하양;죄없는;밝다;뚜렷한;흥이 깨지다;비어 있음;아무것도 쓰지 않은;말하다;삼가 말씀드리다
 訓読み
white

白い

しろいadj.white

しろn.(color of) white

白ワイン

しろわいんwhite wine

白髪

しらがgray hair (髪(かみ)= hair
(get) light
面白いおもしろい «often written in hiragana» interesting; amusing; entertaining; funny (←"becoming light in front of one's face") (面 457)
音読み
white
*

白鳥

はくちょうswan (鳥 178)
(get) light
白夜びゃくやnight under the midnight sun; white night
blank
*白地図はくちずblank map (地 162; 192)
remark
1  告白こくはくconfession; declaration (of love) (告 599)

91

くろ(い)

、くろ

コク

black

黑;黑色黑;黑色검을[흑];검다;검정
 訓読み
black

黒い

くろいadj.black

くろn.(color of) black
白黒しろくろblack and white
白黒テレビしろくろてれびblack-and-white television
音読み
black

黒板

こくばんblackboard (板(いた)= board

92

あか(い)

、あか、あか(らむ)、あか(らめる)

セキ

、シャク

red

; the sun going along; utter; artless; communism
赤;红;红色赤;紅;紅色붉을[적];붉다;빨강;적색;태양이 통과하는;완전한;순진하다;공산주의
 訓読み
red

赤い

あかいadj.red

あかn.(color of) red

赤ワイン

あかわいんred wine

赤ちゃん

あかちゃんinformal and subjectivebaby (a term including a feeling of loveliness)
*

赤信号

あかしんごうred (traffic) light (信 420; 203)
音読み
the sun going along

赤道

せきどうequator (道 216)
特別な読み
red

真っ赤な

まっかなcolloquialbright [deep] red; crimson (真 170)

93

あお(い)

、あお

セイ

、ショウ

blue

; green; vegetables; young; immature
蓝;蓝色;青;绿;蔬菜;还不成熟藍;藍色;青;綠;蔬菜;還不成熟
푸를[청];푸르다;파랑;초록;채소;젊다;미숙하다
 訓読み
blue; green; immature

青い

あおいadj.blue; green (grass; leaves); pale (face); immature; unripe
blue

あおn.(color of) blue
green
*

青信号

あおしんごうgreen (traffic) light (信 420; 203)
青葉あおばpoeticgreen leaves; fresh green foliage (葉 227)
青虫あおむしgreen caterpillar of the cabbage white butterfly (Pieris rapae) and the asian swallowtail butterfly (Papilio xuthus) (虫 631)
音読み
blue
緑青ろくしょうchemistryverdigris; copper [green] rust; patina (緑 228)
green
青銅せいどうbronze (← from the color of the patina that forms on bronze) (銅= copper
young

青年

せいねんformala youth; young people
特別な読み
blue

真っ青な

まっさおなcolloquialdeep [bright] blue; deadly pale (真 170)

94

す(き)

、す()

この()

コウ

to like

; to love; good; amity
好;喜欢;爱好;喜歡;愛좋을[호];좋아하다;좋다
 訓読み
to like; to love

好きな

すきなto like; favorite; to love

大好きな

だいすきなto like [love] very much; (very much) favorite
‖ 私は納豆が大好きです。わたしはなっとうがだいすきです。I like nattō (fermented soybeans) very much.
to like

好む

このむformal and objectiveto like
*お好み焼きおこのみやきokonomiyaki (a Japanese-style savory pancake with various ingredients) (焼 544)
音読み
to like
*

好物

こうぶつslightly formalfavorite food (or drink) (物 167)
good
1  好調なこうちょうなslightly formalbe in good form (調 287)
格好 かっこうappearance; look; form; posture; state; suitable(格 431)

95

もと

ゲン

ガン

head;

origin

; original; former; home; source; area nearby; element; era name; days of origin
头;元;根源;原;本钱;当(地);边頭;元;根源;原;本錢;當(地);邊
으뜸[원];으뜸;근원;원-;본디;본전;전-;본거;곁;언저리;요소;연호;삼원일
 訓読み
origin; former

元の

もとのoriginal; former

元の所

もとのところoriginal place (所 195)
former
元~もと~prefixformer (job title)
‖ 元大統領もとだいとうりょうformer President
‖ 元教師もときょうしformer teacher
音読み
origin

元日

がんじつNew Year's Day
source

元気な

げんきなspirited; lively; cheerful; fine
element
*次元じげんdimension; level (such as of thoughts) (次 363)
*二次元じげんtwo dimensions
*三次元じげんthree dimensions
二元一次方程式にげんいちじほうていしき 《mathematicslinear equation with two unknowns(程=rules; 517)

96

gas; vapor; ⓒatmosphere; breath;

vital energy

; physical disorder; spirit; nature; consciousness;

feeling

气;意识;心情氣;意識;心情
기운[기];가스;증기;기;기운;기상 상태;작용의 근원;몸의 부진;정신;의식;마음
音読み
gas
1  気体きたいgas (gaseous state) (体 277)
vapor
1  蒸気じょうきsteam; vapor; vapour (蒸= evaporate
ⓒatmosphere

空気

くうきair; atmosphere (空 218)
気温きおん(air) temperature (温 442)
breath
呼気こきformalexhaled breath (呼 416)
有気音ゆうきおんlinguisticsaspirated consonant (=帯気音(たいきおん))
無気音むきおんlinguisticsunaspirated consonant (無 505)
vital energy; physical disorder; spirit; nature; consciousness; feeling
(invisible) vital energy; spirit; consciousness; feeling; (one's) favor
vital energyinvisible thing that controls various things such as human body or nature

元気な

げんきなspirited; lively; cheerful; fine

天気

てんきweather (←"the energy which fills the heavens"; fair weather (天 211)
気候きこうslightly formalclimate (候= indication

電気

でんきelectricity; (electric) light (電 160)

気配

けはいindication (配 286)
physical disorder (caused by the disruption of the flow of vital energy)

病気

びょうきsickness (except for the common cold) (病 199)
spirit
勇気ゆうきcourage; bravery; nerves; guts (勇= brave
consciousness
気をつけるきをつけるto be careful; to pay attention; to take care
‖ 車に気をつけてください。くるまにきをつけてください。Please watch out for cars. (車 161)
feeling
人気にんきpopularity
‖ 人気があるにんきがあるbe liked by many people; popular
気持ちきもちfeeling (a state of mind that is altered by an external stimulus or an object) (持 259)
‖ 気持ちがいいきもちがいいto feel comfortable; to feel good (especially physical feeling)
‖ 気持ちが悪いきもちがわるいto feel bad (especially feeling like throwing up); disgusting(悪 247)
気分きぶんmood; feeling (a state of feeling of comfort or discomfort that lasts for some time)
‖ 気分がいいきぶんがいいto feel good (especially mental feeling); to feel better in health
‖ 気分が悪いきぶんがわるいto feel sick; to feel unwell; nauseating

97

()

ユウ

have;

exist

; occur
있을[유];있다
 訓読み
have; exist
有るある «generally written in hiragana» to have
‖ お金があるおかねがあるto have money
exist

有り様(有様)

ありさま «often written in hiragana» subjective(unfavorable) state (resulting from a changed situation); (disagreeable) spectacle (様 523)
有り難い(有難い)ありがたい «generally written in hiragana» thankful (難 445)
音読み
have
1  所有しょゆうformalpossession; ownership (所 195)
exist

有名な

ゆうめいなfamous; well-known
有利なゆうりなadvantageous (利 102)
有料ゆうりょうslightly formalcharge; pay(料< "料金"(りょうきん) charge; fee; fare) (料 181)
有効なゆうこうなformalvalid; effective; efficacious (効 386)
1  有力なゆうりょくなslightly formalinfluential; powerful; convincing (力 278)
1  固有のこゆうのformalpeculiar; inherent (固 618)

有無

うむformalpresence or absence (of existence) (無 505)

98

メイ

ミョウ

name

; fame; letter; counter for the number of people
이름[명];이름;글자;-명
 訓読み
name
archaic》(=名前)

名前

なまえname; full name; family name; given name
*呼び名よびなname to call (呼 416)
letter
仮名かな «often written in hiragana» kana (Japanese syllabary characters) (仮= temporary
平仮名ひらがな «often written in hiragana» hiragana (Japanese character simplified from the cursive style writing of kanji) (平 406)
片仮名かたかな «generally written in katakana» katakana (片 619)
(others)

名古屋

なごやproper nameNagoya (place name) (屋 185)
音読み
name
*

人名

じんめいformalperson's name
*

書名

しょめいformalbook title
件名けんめいformalsubject (of an email) (件= matter
題名だいめいtitle (題 321)

氏名

しめいformalfull name(< "" family name (《formal or legal》)+ "" given name (in this word)
署名しょめいformalsignature (署= public office; to sign

名刺

めいし(business) card (刺= stab; calling card

名詞

めいしgrammarnoun (詞= words; part of speech
*仮名かめいpseudonym (仮= temporary
1  

本名

ほんみょうone's real name
名字みょうじ «also written as "苗字family name; surname (字 121)
fame

有名な

ゆうめいなfamous; well-known
counter for the number of people
~(number)名~めいformal, used for indicating capacity or quota. Or, an expression used to show the speaker's/writer's consideration for a listener/reader.~ persons
(others: tax collection unit in a manor in medieval Japan)
名田みょうでんhistoricalmyōden; rice field in the charge of a nominal holder (under the ritsuryō system)
*大名だいみょうhistoricaldaimyō; (powerful Japanese) feudal lord (← "a person whose name is very famous"

99

おや

した(しい)

、した(しむ)

シン

parent

; master; bigger one; blood relative; close relationship;

friendly

; in person
亲;庄家;大親;莊家;大친할[친];부모;두목;크다;혈연;가까운 관계;친하다;몸소
 訓読み
parent; master

おやparent; dealer (of a card game)
parent
*

親子

おやこparent and child
*親会社おやがいしゃparent company
master
*親方おやかたmaster (of a sumō stable),slightly archaic or historicalmaster craftsman
*親分おやぶんarchaic or informalboss (who looks after his follower like a parent); boss (of gamblers or gang members)
bigger one
親指おやゆびthumb; big toe (指 518)
親船おやぶねslightly archaicmain ship (of a fleet) (船 629)
close relationship; friendly

親しい

したしいslightly formalclose (relationship); familiar (person)
1  親しむしたしむformalto be intimate (with); to have an affinity (for)
音読み
parent

両親

りょうしん(both) parents (両 438)
blood relative
1  肉親にくしんformal(close) blood relative (肉 179)
親戚しんせきrelative (member of one's family) (戚= maternal relative
親族しんぞくformalrelative (member of one's family) (族 148)
親類しんるいslightly archaicone's relatives (類 576)
close relationship
親友しんゆうclose friend (友 145)
親和性しんわせいformalaffinity (和 407; 504)
親水性しんすいせいchemistryhydrophilic
friendly

親切な

しんせつなkind (to a person in need or in a weaker position)
1  親善しんぜんformalgoodwill (善= good; on good terms
親日家しんにちかpro-Japanese person; Japanophile (家 147)
in person
親展しんてんformalPrivate & Confidential (written on an envelope) (展= unfold
親書しんしょformalofficial letter (from the Emperor, the President, the Prime Minister, etc.)
親政しんせいhistoricaldirect Imperial rule (政 472)

100

き(る)

き(れる)

セツ

サイ

cut

; move like cutting; keen; switch off; break; to the last; close at hand;

with all one's heart

; fit well; everything
切;剪;断;做切的动作;关上;闭上;挂上;打破(最低限度);(头脑)敏锐;完
切;剪;斷;做切的動作;關上;閉上;掛上;打破(最低限度);(頭腦)敏銳;完
끊을[절];자르다;자르는 동작을 하다;(머리가) 돌다;끄다;끊다;밑돌다;-버리다;임박하다;진심으로;꼭 맞다;모든 것
 訓読み
cut; move like cutting; switch off; break

切る

きるvt.to cut; to saw; to turn off (a switch); to slice; to chop; to break (a seal, a sentence, etc.); to break (a certain time or quantity); to drain (water from washed vegetables, dishes, etc.); to hang up (the phone); to make (a start); to turn (steering wheel); to shuffle (cards)
cut; move like cutting; keen; switch off; break

切れる

きれるvi.(of a thing,) to cut; to be cut off; (of a string,) to break; to run out
cut

切符

きっぷticket (符= tally split in half and given to each party as a form of proof

切手

きって(postage) stamp (手 134)
爪切りつめきりnail clippers (爪= nail (of the finger or toe)
to the last
(V(masu-stem)+)切る~きる(adding the meaning 'finish something completely' or 'could hardly be more')
締め切りしめきり «also written as "締切", "締切り", "〆切", "〆切りdeadline; closing date (締= tighten; closing
締切しめきりwritten wordclosed (door, window, etc.)
思い切りおもいきりadv.to one's heart's content; as much as one wants; with all one's strength (思 293)
   n.decisiveness; resignation (to one's fate)
思いっ切りおもいっきり «"", often written in hiragana» colloquialto one's heart's content; as much as one wants; with all one's strength
音読み
close at hand
1  切ないせつないheartbreaking; heart-wringing (with sadness, loneliness or longing for a person)
with all one's heart

親切な

しんせつなkind (to a person in need or in a weaker position)

大切な

たいせつなimportant; valuable; precious (by an individual judgement, but with a social consensus)
everything
1  

一切

いっさいformal and slightly archaicall; (not) anything

101
便

たよ()

ベン

ビン

convenient

; ordinary; feces; correspondence; service of transport facilities
便;方便;信;班机(班轮)便;方便;信;班機(班輪)편할[편];편하다;평상의;소식;편 / 똥오줌[변];변
 訓読み
correspondence

便り

たよりslightly archaicletter; news
音読み
convenient

便利な

べんりなconvenient (not used for time or occasion); handy (tool, place)
利便性りべんせいformalconvenience (性 504)
feces
便所べんじょslightly outmodedlavatory (所 195)
correspondence
郵便ゆうびんmail [postal] service; mail; post (郵= public postal system

郵便局

ゆうびんきょくpost office (局 623)
*航空便こうくうびんairmail(航空= aviation; 航= flight; 218))
船便ふなびんsea mail (船(ふね)= ship 629)
*宅配便たくはいびんparcel delivery service (宅 404; 286)
service of transport facilities

(number)便

~びんflight number ~
‖ 日本航空

512便羽田行き

にほんこうくうごひゃくじゅうにびんはねだいきJapan Airlines flight 512 to Haneda (Tokyo International Airport)

102

()

keen; clever; go without difficulty; function well;

advantage

; profit; interest
利;俐;好使利;俐;好用이로울[리]([이]);날카롭다;똑똑하다;쉽게 통하다;잘 기능하다;이롭다;이자
 訓読み
function well
1  

左利き

ひだりききleft-handedness
音読み
go without difficulty
1  勝利しょうりslightly formalvictory; triumph (勝 547)
advantage

便利な

べんりなconvenient (not used for time or occasion); handy (tool; place)

有利な

ゆうりなadvantageous
利用するりようするslightly formalto make use of; to utilize; to exploit (用 118)
御利益ごりやくdivine favor; grace of God or Buddha as an answer to the prayer (御= honorific prefix; 益= benefit
profit
利益りえきprofit; gains; (economic) return; benefit (益= profit; benefit
interest
1  利子りしformal(financial) interest
1  利息りそくinterest (especially from the viewpoints of a borrower) (息 520)

103

(negative prefix)

not

; (negative prefix) not good
不;不好不;不好아닐[불]([부]);아니다;좋지 않다
音読み
(negative prefix) not

不便な

ふべんなinconvenient (not used for time and occasion)(↔ "便利な"

不利な

ふりなdisadvantageous(↔ "有利な"
*

不親切な

ふしんせつなnot kind; inconsiderate(↔ "親切な"
不足ふそくslightly formalshortage; insufficiency (足 135)
不安ふあんslightly formal(vague) anxiety [uneasiness]
1  不在ふざいformal and objectiveabsence (在= exist
1  不良ふりょうformal(of a state or a condition,) bad; depraved boy [girl] (良 602)
*不器用なぶきようなawkward; clumsy (器 607; 118)
(negative prefix) not good
不運なふうんなslightly formalunlucky; unfortunate (運 302)
*

不気味な

ぶきみなeerie; unearthly; ominous; spooky; weird (味 308)





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