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日本語学習者のための漢字634 語彙リスト詳細版
語彙リスト詳細版凡例

第7課
104

マイ

piece by piece;

counter for thin and flat objects

枚;-张(表示薄而扁平东西的量词)枚;-張(表示薄而扁平東西的量詞)
낱장[매];하나하나;-장(얇고 평평한 것을 세는 단위)
音読み
piece by piece
枚挙まいきょvery formalenumeration; counting one by one; mention for every thing
counter for thin and flat objects

(number)

~まい~ (sheet(s))
枚数まいすうthe number of sheets (数 577)

105

ダイ

タイ

elevated place; stand; base;

counter for vehicles and machines

; range of numbers; raise
台;基;-辆;-架;-台(表示车辆和机器的量詞);(数的范围);抬
臺;基;-輛;-架;-台(表示車輛和機器的量詞);(數的範圍);擡
돈대[대];돈대;대;토대;-대;(고개를) 들다
音読み
elevated place
高台たかだいhill; heights
台地だいちplateau (地 162)
*天文台てんもんだいastronomical observatory (天 211; 310)
時計台とけいだいclock tower
stand
だいstand [rest] (used to put something on); pedestal
*屋台やたい(street) stall (屋 185)
台所だいどころslightly archaickitchen (所 195)
base
1  土台どだいconcrete image than "基礎(きそ)"base; foundation (of a building, thought, etc.); groundwork
counter for vehicles and machines

(number)

~だい~ (car(s)); ~ (machine(s))
range of numbers
~(number with counter suffix)台~だい(range of numbers indicated by a number rounded down)
‖ 80点台はちじゅってんだい80 points to 89 points
‖ 2万5千円台にまんごせんえんだい25,000 yen or more but less than 26,000 yen
raise (substitution kanji of "")
台頭するたいとうするslightly formalto raise one's [its] head; to gain power (頭 281)
(others)
仙台せんだいproper nameSendai (place name)

台風

たいふうtyphoon (風 467)

台湾

たいわんproper nameTaiwan

106

たび

、ト、

タク

measure; rule as a standard; necessaries; state of mind;

degree

;

counter for the number of times

; time; period of time; salvation
度;必需品;-回;-次度;必需品;-回;-次법도[도];재다;규칙;필수품;마음의 상태;정도;-도;-번;구원
 訓読み
time

(V(dic.-form)+/Nの+)度(に)

~たび(に)whenever; every [each] time
*この度このたびused in formal greetingsthis time [occasion]
音読み
measure
度量衡どりょうこうformalweights and measures (量 578; 衡= weigh

支度

したくslightly archaicpreparation (used for daily or personal things) (← original meaning is "estimate")(=仕度 phonetic equivalent of "支度") (支 427)
rule as a standard
制度せいどsystem; institution (制 490)
necessaries
調度ちょうどformal and slightly archaicfurnishings; household goods
state of mind
態度たいどattitude
degree
程度ていどdegree; level; extent; about ~
degree (unit of temperature, angle, alcohol content, etc.)

(number)

~どdegree (of temperature or angle); strength (of alcohol)
‖ 1度いちど〈middle-high accentone degree

温度

おんどtemperature (温 442)
湿度しつどhumidity (湿= get damp
速度そくどformal and objective(degree of) speed (expressed as a numerical value);physicsvelocity (速 244)
高度こうどformalaltitude; height
*強度きょうどformalstrength; intensity (強 115)
counter for the number of times
~(number)度~どslightly formal(counter for the number of times)

一度

いちどflat accentslightly formalonce; one time
time

今度

こんどthis time; (nearest) next time
period of time
年度ねんどacademic [fiscal, financial] year (April 1 to March 31 in Japan); business year
*今年度こんねんどthis academic [fiscal, financial] year
salvation (by crossing over to the other shore of nirvana) (度 < "" cross (a river)335)
得度とくどBuddhismentrance into the Buddhist priesthood (得 550)

107

さかずき

ハイ

cup;

counter for cupfuls, glassfuls, bowlfuls and spoonfuls

杯;-杯杯;-杯잔[배];술잔;컵;-잔;-그릇;-스푼
 訓読み
cup
1さかずきarchaiccup [glass] (of sake)
音読み
cup

乾杯

かんぱいtoast; Cheers! (乾= dry; to empty
W杯だぶりゅーはい《rarely》/わーるどかっぷwritten word, often used in a newspaper article(= ワールドカップ) the World Cup
counter for cupfuls, glassfuls, bowlfuls and spoonfuls

(number)

~はい(/~ばい/~ぱい)~ cupful(s); ~ spoonful(s); When ordering at a coffee shop or a restaurant,「~つ」is usually used.
‖ 1杯いっぱい〈head-high accentone cupful; one glassful; one spoonful
*一杯いっぱい〈flat accent«generally written in hiragana» full; lots of

108

カイ

stair; rank;

floor

阶;层;-层;-楼階;層;-層;-樓섬돌[계];(계단의) 단;계급;층
音読み
stair

階段

かいだんstairs; steps (段 433)
rank
段階だんかいstage; phase; step
1  階級かいきゅう(social) class; (social) rank
floor
階下かいかformallower floor (= 下の階(したのかい)) (下 126)

(number)

~かい~th floor

109

まわ(る)

まわ(す)

カイ

、エ

turn round

; go round [around]; turn back;

(each) time

回;转;-回迴;回;轉;-回돌아올[회];돌다;돌리다;돌이키다;돌아오다;-회
 訓読み
turn round; go round [around]

回る

まわるvi.to turn (around); to go round; to go around

回す

まわすvt.to turn; to send [pass] around
go round [around]
1  遠回りとおまわりdetour; roundabout way (遠 232)
1  上回るうわまわるslightly formalto be more than; to be over ; to surpass; to be above (上 125)
*下回るしたまわるslightly formalto be less than; to be lower than; to fall [go] below; to fall [come] short of (下 126)
turn back
*利回りりまわりeconomics(investment) yield; (dividend) yield
音読み
turn round
回転かいてんturn; rotation (around the axis); spin; revolution (in a circular orbit) (転 165)
1  転回てんかいformalturning and reversing the direction; revolution of a way of thinking
go round [around]
1  回覧かいらんformalcirculation of a document [notice] (in an office or the neighborhood) (覧= look over
1  回送かいそうformalout-of-service (bus, train, taxi, etc.)
turn back
回答かいとうslightly formalreply; answer (to an inquiry, in a questionnaire, etc.) (答 314)
回復するかいふくするslightly formalto recover (復 332)
1  回収するかいしゅうするslightly formalto collect (waste materials, payment, debts, something that once belonged to oneself); to recall (a defective product) (収 428)
(each) time
*前回ぜんかいslightly formallast time
今回こんかいslightly formalthis time
*次回じかいslightly formalnext time (次 363)
*初回しょかいslightly formalthe first time (初 395)
*最終回さいしゅうかいthe last time (最 288)

(number)

~かい~ time(s); ~th inning (of baseball, softball, etc.)
回数かいすうnumber of times (数 577)

110

individual;

counter for small things without a specific counter

낱[개];낱;-개
音読み
individual
個人こじんindividual; private person
1  個性こせいpersonality; individuality (性 504)
counter for small things without a specific counter

(number)

~こ(counter for articles)

111

サツ

、サク
bound book;

counter for books and notebooks

; imperial letter of appointment; card for writing
册;-本(表示书籍和笔记本的量詞);诗笺冊;-本(表示書籍和筆記本的量詞);詩箋
책[책];끈으로 맨 책;-권(책이나 노트를 세는 단위);황제의 임명장;시전지
音読み
bound book
冊子さっしformalbooklet; book (子 139)
*別冊べっさつextra issue; separate volume (別 454)
counter for books and notebooks

(number)

~さつ~ (book(s), notebook(s), etc.)
card for writing
短冊たんざくstrip of paper (for writing a tanka and haiku on, or for writing wishes on as a part of the Tanabata festival).

112

サイ

セイ

year;

counter for age

岁;-岁歲;-歲해[세];해;-세;-살
音読み
year
*歳月さいげつfomal and slightly archaic, but subjectiveyears; time
*歳出さいしゅつfomalannual government expenditure
万歳ばんざいbanzai (a celebratory cheer); hurrah
*

お歳暮

おせいぼyear-end gift (暮= end (of the year, of the daytime)
counter for age

(number)

~さい~ year(s) old
特別な読み
counter for age
二十歳はたちtwenty years old (in the sense of the first step of adulthood)

113

テン

point

;

counter for scoring point and goods

; to light; put drops; check one by one; prepare (powdered green tea)
点;-分(表示得分和商品的量词)點;-分(表示得分和商品的量詞)
점[점];점;일정한 데;-점;켜다;(물방울을) 떨어뜨리다;하나하나 확인하다;(말차를) 타다
音読み
point

てんdot; point; score

点々

てんてんsonant mark (such as ""); points of suspension ("")
欠点けってんpoint of lacking; fault; defect (欠 368)
弱点じゃくてんweak point; sorespot (弱 243)
1  得点とくてんslightly formalscore (得 550)
満点まんてんfull marks; perfect score (満 557)
採点さいてんgrading (of exam paper); marking (of answer sheet); scoring (採= pick; to measure
交差点こうさてんintersection; crossroads; crossing (交 460; 554)
終点しゅうてんlast stop (of train or bus); terminus
counter for scoring point and goods

(number)

~てん~ point(s); ~ item(s) on sale
点数てんすうscore; scoring points; marks; number of items (数 577)

114

ベン

to endeavor

힘쓸[면];힘쓰다
音読み
to endeavor

勉強

べんきょうstudy

勉強する

べんきょうするto study;archaicto discount

115

つよ(い)

、つよ(まる)、つよ(める)

(いる)

キョウ

ゴウ

strong

; powerful; resistant; to force; strive; slightly more than a round number
强;大;烈;耐;擅长;努力強;大;烈;耐;擅長;努力
강할[강];강하다;세다;(능력이) 뛰어나다;독하다;강요하다;애쓰다;어림수보다 좀 많다
 訓読み
strong; powerful; resistant

強い

つよいstrong; powerful
to force
1  

強いる

しいるformalto compel; to force
音読み
strong
強調するきょうちょうするto emphasize; to stress (調 287)
to force
強引なごういんな(over-)assertive; forcibly (引 298)

強盗

ごうとうrobber; robbery (盗= steal
strive

勉強

べんきょうstudy
‖ 日本語の勉強をするにほんごのべんきょうをするto study Japanese

勉強する

べんきょうするto study;archaicto discount
‖ 日本語を勉強するにほんごをべんきょうするto study Japanese
slightly more than a round number
1(number)~きょうslightly formala little more than ~

116

つか(える)

、ジ
serve;

do

侍奉;干侍奉;做벼슬[사];모시다;하다
 訓読み
serve

仕える

つかえるto serve (under)
音読み
serve
1  給仕きゅうじformal and slightly archaicserving (at dinner); waiter; waitress(給= supply; provide care
do (← from a phonetic equivalent of "", the stem of masu-form of "する" (do)

仕事

しごとwork

仕方

しかた «often written in hiragana» how to do
‖ 漢字の勉強の仕方が分かりません。かんじのべんきょうのしかたがわかりません。I don't know how to study kanji.
仕方ないしかたない «often written in hiragana»  (also "仕方がない"There is no other way.; There is no choice.; It can't be helped.; It is inevitable.; It is no use ~ing.

117

こと

、ズ
affairs;

matter

; work under
일[사];일;모시다
 訓読み
affairs

仕事

しごとwork
matter

ことformal when there is no modifier(abstract) thing; matter
(/A(plain form)+/Nの+)~こと  «generally written in hiragana» what ~ (the (abstract) thing that ~); the thing about ~
出来事できごとevent; incident; happening; occurrence
音読み
affairs
用事ようじerrand; something to do
事務じむoffice work (務 194)
事務所じむしょ(business) office (所 195)
*事務室じむしつoffice room (室 189)
*事務員じむいんoffice worker
大事なだいじなsubjectiveprecious; valuable; important
‖ お大事に。おだいじに。I hope you get well soon.
matter

食事

しょくじslightly formalmeal
‖ 食事をするしょくじをするslightly formalto have a meal
‖ 食事をとるしょくじをとるslightly formal and objectiveto take [have] a meal

食事する

しょくじするslightly formalto have a meal

火事

かじfire (houses or forest burning)
‖ 火事が起きました。かじがおきました。A fire broke out.
事件じけんevent; (uncommon) incident; (legal) case (件= matter
行事ぎょうじslightly formalevent
work under
師事するしじするformalto study (under a master as an apprentice)
執事しつじarchaicbutler (執= hold; perform

118

もち(いる)

ヨウ

employ

(an instrument, means, a person, etc.); useful work; wherewithal; things to do; relieve oneself
用;事情;解手用;事情;解放쓸[용];쓰다;쓸모;(필요한) 자금;볼일;(대소변을) 보다
 訓読み
employ (an instrument, means, a person, etc.)

用いる

もちいるformalto use; to employ; to make use of; to apply; to adopt
音読み
employ (an instrument, means, a person, etc.)
使用するしようするslightly formalto use; to employ (使 290)
*使用中しようちゅうslightly formaloccupied; engaged; busy
*使用禁止しようきんしformalprohibition of the use (禁 569; 255)

利用する

りようするslightly formalto make use of; to utilize; to exploit
用意するよういするto prepare (all the necessary things); to ready onself (意 307)
応用おうよう(practical) application (応= respond
採用するさいようするslightly formalto adopt; to employ (採= pick
活用かつようslightly formalpractical use; utilization;grammarinflection (活 400)
用紙ようしformal(paper for a certain use); sheet; form; paper (紙 123)
*~用~ようfor use by ~
‖ 子供用こどもようfor use by children
useful work
1  作用さようslightly formaloperation; action; effect (of the medicine) (作 291)
wherewithal
費用ひようslightly formalexpense; cost (費 514)
things to do
ようsomething to do
‖ 用があるようがあるto have something to do

用事

ようじerrand; something to do
‖ 用事があるようじがあるto have errands [something else] to do

119

エイ

flower cluster; outstanding; <

English

>
꽃부리[영];꽃부리;뛰어나다;<영국의>
音読み
flower cluster
石英せきえいmineralogyquartz (石 485)
outstanding
1  英雄えいゆうhero (雄= male; powerful man
<abbreviation for an archaic kanji writing of the United Kingdom, "英吉利"(イギリス)>
*

英国

えいこくwritten word, often used in a newspaperthe United Kingdom (< "" is abbreviated from "英吉利" which is the early Chinese transcription of "English". Japanese word "イギリス" is a transliteration of Portuguese "Inglês".

英語

えいごEnglish (language)
英会話えいかいわEnglish conversation (話 258)

120

カン

Han (dynasty of China);

Chinese

; man
한나라[한];(중국의) 한나라;중국의;남자
音読み
Han (Dynasty of China)
前漢ぜんかんhistoricalFormer [Western] Han (dynasty of China)
後漢ごかんhistoricalLater [Eastern] Han (dynasty of China)
後漢こうかんhistoricalLater Han (of the Five Dynasties)
Chinese

漢字

かんじkanji
1  

漢語

かんごlinguisticsJapanese word of Chinese origin [Japanese kanji word read in on-yomi]
*漢文かんぶんChinese classical literature
*漢方薬かんぽうやくChinese herbal medicine (薬 284)

121

あざ

character

; section of village
字;村級行政区下的更小的区划单位字;村級行政區下的更小的區劃單位
글자[자];글자;글자;글씨;면의 구역단위
 訓読み
section of village
あざformalsection of village (in Japanese addressing system)
音読み
character

character; letter
‖ きれいな字で書くきれいなじでかくto write neatly
~(number)字~じ~ characters (including marks or symbols used in writing))

文字

もじ(/もんじ《archaic》)slightly formalalphabet; character [letter] (文 310)
‖ ギリシャ文字ぎりしゃもじGreek alphabet
‖ キリル文字きりるもじCyrillic alphabet
‖ タイ文字たいもじThai alphabet
~(number)文字~もじ~ characters (generally excluding marks or symbols used in writing)
*大文字おおもじcapital letter
*小文字こもじsmall letter (of alphabet)

漢字

かんじkanji

ローマ字

ろーまじRoman alphabet

数字

すうじfigure (numeric character); numeral; number (数 577)
‖ アラビア数字あらびあすうじArabic numerals
‖ ローマ数字ろーますうじRoman numerals

名字

みょうじ «also written as "苗字family name; surname
1  赤字あかじred letter; (being in) the red; deficit
1  黒字くろじblack letter; (being in) the black; surplus
習字しゅうじcalligraphy; penmanship

122

(める)

word

; ancillary word; resign; refuse
辞;词辭;詞말씀[사];말;씨가지;그만두다;거절하다
 訓読み
resign

辞める

やめるto resign; to quit (school, team, job, etc.)
音読み
word

辞書

じしょdictionary
電子辞書でんしじしょelectronic dictionary (電 160; 139)
辞書形じしょけいgrammardictionary form (形 319)

辞典

じてんformaldictionary (典= fundamental book
‖ 英和辞典えいわじてんEnglish-Japanese dictionary
お辞儀おじぎbow (of greeting) (儀= manners
1  お世辞おせじflattery (世 262)
*祝辞しゅくじformalcongratulatory address [speech] (祝 525)
*辞令じれいformalletter of appointment (令= command
ancillary word
接頭辞せっとうじlinguisticsprefix (接 565; 281)
接尾辞せつびじlinguisticssuffix (接 565; 尾= tail
resign
1  辞職じしょくformalresignation (職= job
refuse
1  辞退するじたいするformalto decline [refuse] (one's right, a commission, a request, an offer, an advice, etc.) (退= leave

123

かみ

paper

종이[지];종이
 訓読み
paper

かみpaper; sheet

手紙

てがみletter (手 134)
*折り紙おりがみorigami; paper folding; origami paper (折 543)
*紙飛行機かみひこうきpaper plane [airplane, aeroplane] (飛 339; 354)
*

紙コップ

かみこっぷpaper cup
音読み
paper
用紙ようしformal(paper for a certain use); sheet; form; paper
表紙ひょうし(book) cover (表 334)
*白紙はくしblank paper; blank answer sheet;formalwhite paper
*

新聞紙

しんぶんしpaper used for a newspaper;archaicnewspaper
紙幣しへいpaper money [currency]; bill; note (幣= currency
<abbreviation of "新聞紙", in the sense of 'a newspaper', used as in the past>
スポーツ紙すぽーつしsports newspaper
全国紙ぜんこくしnational newspaper (全 509)
地方紙ちほうしlocal newspaper (地 162)





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