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日本語学習者のための漢字634 語彙リスト詳細版
語彙リスト詳細版凡例

第10課
159

エキ

post station;

railway station

驿;火车站驛;火車站역말[역];역
音読み
post station
*宿駅しゅくえきhistoricalpost station (宿 322)
*駅伝えきでんekiden (long-distance relay road race) (伝 419)
railway station

えき(railway [railroad]) station
‖ 札幌駅さっぽろえきproper nameSapporo Station
*

駅前

えきまえ(in) front of a station; station front
*

駅員

えきいんstation staff

160

デン

lightning;

electricity

; <train; telegram; telephone; electrical appliances>
闪电;电;<电车;电话>閃電;電;<電車;電話>번개[전];번개;전기;<전철;전보;전화;전기 제품>
音読み
electricity

電気

でんきelectricity; (electric) light
‖ 電気製品でんきせいひんelectrical product [appliance]
電子でんしelectron
電子辞書でんしじしょelectronic dictionary
電子書籍でんししょせきebook
*

電子レンジ

でんしれんじmicrowave (oven) "レンジ" is derived from 'kitchen range'.

電車

でんしゃ(electric) train

電話

でんわtelephone (話 258)
充電じゅうでん(battery) charging (充= fill

161

くるま

シャ

vehicle (with wheels); wheel;

car

; train car
车;车轮車;車輪수레[차];수레;바퀴;차;차량
 訓読み
vehicle (with wheels); wheel; car

くるまcar; vehicle (with wheels)
wheel
歯車はぐるまcogwheel; gear wheel (歯 280)
車椅子くるまいす «"椅子", often written in hiragana» wheelchair
音読み
vehicle (with wheels)
自転車じてんしゃbicycle (自 164; 165)
自動車じどうしゃformalcar; automobile (自 164; 254)
car
*新車しんしゃnew car
*中古車ちゅうこしゃused [secondhand] car
car; train car
車庫しゃこgarage; carport; car [train] shed; train [bus] depot (庫= storage place
train car

電車

でんしゃ(electric) train
列車れっしゃformaltrain (列= stand in a line

162

ground

; land; place; local; in its natural form; descriptive part;
地;本来;叙述部分;料子地;本來;敘述部分;料子땅[지];땅;본래의;지(문);감
音読み
ground
土地とちslightly formalland
地球ちきゅう(the) Earth; the globe (球 551)

地下

ちかunderground; basement

地下鉄

ちかてつsubway
*

地上

ちじょうon the ground
地理ちりgeography
地図ちずmap
地面じめんsurface of the earth; ground (面 457)

地震

じしんearthquake (震 495)
land
地平線ちへいせんthe horizon (on the land) (平 406; 382)
地中海ちちゅうかいproper namethe Mediterranean Sea (海 217)
place

地方

ちほうregion; district; locality; provinces
地域ちいきarea; region; local community
1  現地げんちslightly formalarea [place] being talked about; specified local area (現 425)
産地さんちplace of production; producing center [district] (産 501)

地名

ちめいname of a place
1  地元じもとhome area [town]; local
地位ちい(social) status [rank, position, standing, place] (位 511)
in its natural form
地味なじみなplain (unembellished); sober [quiet] (color); not showy (味 308)
生地きじdough
descriptive part
地の文じのぶんdescriptive part of the text (文 310)
material for cloth
生地きじcloth; fabric; dough

163

テツ

iron

; <railway>
쇠[철];철;<철도>
音読み
iron

てつiron
1  鉄鋼てっこうformalsteel
1  鉄棒てつぼうiron bar [rod]; horizontal bar
鉄道てつどうrailroad; railway (道 216)
<abbreviation of "鉄道">
私鉄してつprivate railway; railway company [corporation]

地下鉄

ちかてつsubway

164

みずか()

self

; by oneself; by itself; as one pleases; from
스스로[자];스스로;바라는 대로;로부터
 訓読み
self

自ら

みずからformal(for) oneself; in person
音読み
self

自分

じぶんoneself
*自己紹介じこしょうかいself-introduction
自宅じたくslightly formalone's (own) house [home] (宅 404)
自信じしんself-confidence (信 420)
by oneself
自習じしゅうself-study cf. "独学"(どくがく) self-education in a certain field

自転車

じてんしゃbicycle
自動車じどうしゃformalcar; automobile (動 254)
自炊するじすいするto cook one's own food; to cook for oneself
1  自立するじりつするslightly formalto become independent;formalto stand on one's (own) feet (立 253)
by itself

自然

しぜんnature (然 626)
as one pleases
自由じゆうfreedom; liberty (由 318)
‖ ご自由にどうぞ。ごじゆうにどうぞ。Please take one for free.; Please help yourself.

165

ころ(ぶ)

ころ(がる)

、ころ(がす)、ころ(げる)

テン

roll

; tumble; transfer; change to something different; hand something on
转;滚;跌倒轉;滾;跌倒구를[전];구르다;넘어지다;옮기다;돌리다
 訓読み
roll; tumble

転がる

ころがるto roll
tumble

転ぶ

ころぶto fall down; to fall over; (of a person,) to tumble over
音読み
roll
回転かいてんturn; rotation (around the axis); spin; revolution (in a circular orbit)

自転車

じてんしゃbicycle

運転

うんてんdriving (an automobile or a train); operation (of a large machine) (運 302)

運転手

うんてんしゅdriver; professional driver
tumble
*転倒するてんとうするslightly formalto be overturned; to fall down; to tumble (倒 533)
1  転落するてんらくするslightly formalto fall [tumble] (down) (落 349)
横転するおうてんするformalto topple sideways; (of a truck,) to roll over (横 461)
transfer
移転いてんformalmove; relocation; transfer (of right) (移 624)
1  転勤てんきんjob transfer (勤 402)
change to something different
1  転換てんかんformalchange (of policy, in thinking, of pace [mood], etc.); shift (of policy, of direction etc.); switch (from ... to) (換 424)
転生てんせい(/てんしょう《Buddhism》)formaltransmigration
hand something on
*転送てんそう(mail, call, etc.) forwarding ; (data) transfer

166

load

; lotus
负荷;行李;荷負荷;行李;荷짐[하];짐;연(꽃)
 訓読み
load

荷物

にもつbaggage; luggage; load; burden; one's things [belongings]
荷造りにづくりpacking (for moving, traveling)
*重荷おもにburden; (heavy) load (重 241)
音読み
load
*出荷するしゅっかするformalto ship (commodities to the market) (出 250)
*

入荷

にゅうかformalgoods arrival (to a store) (入 249)
lotus
荷葉かようarchaiclotus leaf

167

もの

ブツ

モツ

thing

; quality of products; matter; words; being; the public; find out; of vague feeling
物;东西;质量;话语;不由得物;東西;質量;話語;不由得
물건[물];물건;품질;것;말;존재물;세상 사람들;가려내다;막연한 감각의
 訓読み
thing; quality of products; matter; words

ものthing (something concrete that exists); object; quality (of products is fine [poor]); words; (speak) words
thing

食べ物

たべものsomething to eat; food

飲み物

のみものsomething to drink; drink
読み物よみものreading material

買い物(買物)

かいものshopping; a purchase

果物

くだものfruit (果 584)
建物たてものbuilding (建 301)
着物きものkimono;slightly archaicclothes (着 356)
忘れ物わすれものthings left behind; lost property; leaving something behind (忘 411)
宝物たからものtreasure; precious thing (宝= treasure
being
物の怪もののけarchaicMononoke; vengeful spirit [ghost]; specter
音読み
thing

生物

せいぶつliving thing (生 261)
生物学せいぶつがくbiology

動物

どうぶつanimal (動 254)

植物

しょくぶつplant (植= plant
動物園どうぶつえんzoo; zoological gardens (園 206)
植物園しょくぶつえんbotanical [botanic] garden(s)

荷物

にもつbaggage; luggage; load; burden; one's things [belongings]
*好物こうぶつslightly formalfavorite food (or drink)
matter
物理ぶつりphysics (< an abbreviation of "物理学"(ぶつりがく))(理 182)
find out
物色するぶっしょくするslightly formalto look for (something among many things) (色 276)

168

たび

リョ

brigade;

travel

나그네[려]([여]);여단;여행
 訓読み
travel

たびslightly archaic or elegant or often on considered as a humorous expressiontravel; journey; voyage
*旅先さびさきthe place where one is traveling
音読み
brigade
旅団りょだんmilitarybrigade (団= group
travel

旅行

りょこうtravel; trip; tour; journey; voyage
*

旅行会社

りょこうがいしゃtravel company; travel agency
旅館りょかんJapanese-style hotel (館 193)
1  旅客りょかくvery formalpassenger (客 350)
*旅費りょひtravel expenses (費 514)

169

うつ(す)

、うつ()

シャ

copy; depict;

shoot (a photograph or a film)

; display a picture on the screen
抄;写(人物、风景等);拍(照、电影);(用银幕)放映抄;寫(人物、風景等);拍(照、電影);(用銀幕)放映
베낄[사];베끼다;(인물이나 풍경따위을) 묘사하다;촬영하다;영상을 스크린에 표시하다
 訓読み
copy; depict; shoot (a photograph or a film)

写す

うつすvt.to copy (not with a copying machine); to transcribe; to shoot [take] (a photograph);archaicto shoot (a film)
copy
1  写しうつしformalduplicate; duplicate copy
音読み
copy
*模写もしゃformalcopy (of a picture)
depict
1  描写びょうしゃslightly formaldescription; depiction
shoot (a photograph or a film) (←"copy an image on a film"

写真

しゃしんphotograph; photo
display a picture on the screen (←"copy a film image on a screen"
*試写ししゃslightly formalpreview (試 327)

170

シン

real

; true; complete(ly); just
真;纯;正真;純;正참[진];참;진짜;한-
 訓読み
true
真面目なまじめな «often written in hiragana» serious; earnest (面 457)
complete(ly)
*

真夏

まなつhigh summer; the middle of the summer (夏 220)
*

真冬

まふゆthe dead of winter; the middle of the winter (冬 222)

真っ白な

まっしろなpure white
真っ赤なまっかなcolloquialbright [deep] red; crimson
真っ青なまっさおなcolloquialdeep [bright] blue; deadly pale
*真夜中まよなかmidnight; the middle of the night; the dead of night

真っすぐ

まっすぐ «often written in hiragana» straight; directly
just

真ん中

まんなか «"", often written in hiragana» center; middle
音読み
real

写真

しゃしんphotograph; photo
1  真珠しんじゅpearl(珠= bead
真剣なしんけんなserious; earnest (←"真剣"(しんけん) real sword
true
1  真実しんじつslightly formaltruth (実 330)
complete(ly)
真空しんくうvacuum (空 218)

171

うつ(す)

、うつ()

(える)

エイ

reflect;

to project

; look attractive
映;照(在镜子里);放映;显眼映;照(在鏡子裡);放映;顯眼
비칠[영];비치다;(거울등에) 비추다;돋보이다
 訓読み
reflect; to project

映す

うつすvt.to reflect; to project
reflect; look attractive

映える

はえるslightly archaicto shine; to glow; to look beautiful [attractive]
音読み
to project

映画

えいがmovie; film
映画館えいがかんcinema; movie theater (館 193)
上映じょうえいslightly archaicscreening (of a movie)
上映時間じょうえいじかんslightly archaicrunning time (of a movie)
*放映するほうえいするformalto televise; to broadcast on television (放 393)

172

カク

mark off; draw; plan;

picture

划;画;图片;影片;畫;圖片;影片그을[획]/그림[화];구획하다;긋다;꾀하다;그림;영상
音読み
mark off
1  区画くかくslightly formal and concretepartitioned area [section]; (land) division (区 270)
draw
1  

かくstroke (of kanji)

5画の漢字

ごかくのかんじfive-stroke kanji
画数かくすうthe number of strokes (of kanji) (数 577)

画家

がかpainter
plan (←"to draw a plan"

計画

けいかくplan; planning
picture
絵画かいがformalpicture; painting

漫画

まんがcartoon; comics; manga When the word manga is written, ones for children is generally written with hiragana, and the one for young people is generally written with katakana.)(漫= rambling; comic
*

画面

がめんpicture [screen] (of a television or a film as a viewing surface) (面 457)
*録画するろくがするto record (video) (録 579)
動画どうがmotion video; moving image; video (especially a digital image)

映画

えいがmovie; film
<abbreviation of "映画">
*洋画ようがforeign film [movie](↔ "邦画"(ほうが) Japanese film

173

カイ

picture

绘画繪畫그림[회];그림
音読み
picture

picture; drawing; painting
*

絵はがき

(絵葉書)えはがきpicture postcard (葉 227)
*絵本えほんpicture book
浮世絵うきよえUkiyo-e (woodblock print of everyday life in the Edo period)
絵の具えのぐpaint (for a picture of painting) (具 606)
1  油絵あぶらえoil painting (油 486)

絵画

かいがformalpicture; painting

174

おと

オン

イン

sound

; news; voice of mind
音;响声;心声;聲響;心聲소리[음];(물건이 내는) 소리;소식;마음의 소리
 訓読み
sound

おとsound
voice of mind
1  

本音

ほんねone's real [true] feelings [intention]
音読み
sound

音楽

おんがくmusic

音読み

おんよみon-yomi; Chinese(-derived) reading of kanji

発音

はつおんpronunciation (発 333)
騒音そうおん(loud) noise; unwanted sound
雑音ざつおん(undesired) noise; unnecessary sound
録音するろくおんするto record (sound) (録 579)

母音

ぼいんlinguisticsvowel

子音

しいんlinguisticsconsonant
news
音信おんしんformalcorrespondence by letter
福音ふくいんformalgood news; the gospel

175

たの(しい)

たの(しむ)

ガク

ラク

music

;

pleasure

; ease
乐;快乐;安乐;轻松樂;快樂;安樂;輕鬆풍류[악];음악 / 즐길[락]([낙]);즐겁다;편하다;쉽다
 訓読み
pleasure

楽しい

たのしいpleasant; delightful; enjoyable

楽しむ

たのしむto enjoy; to have fun
楽しみたのしみpleasure; enjoyment; fun

楽しみな

たのしみなlooking forward to
‖ 来週のパーティーが楽しみです。らいしゅうのぱーてぃーがたのしみです。I'm looking forward to the next week's party.
音読み
music

音楽

おんがくmusic
*

音楽家

おんがくかmusician (especially of classical music)
楽器がっきmusical instrument (器 607)
千秋楽せんしゅうらくthe last [closing] day (of a series of performances especially in traditional performing arts); the last day of the grand sumō tournament (千秋= a prolonged period of time(秋 221)
pleasure
娯楽ごらくformalpastime; amusement; entertainment (as an amusement in spare time)
ease
らくease; comfort
‖ 楽をするらくをするto do with little effort

楽な

らくなeasy (task, feeling)

176

うた

うた(う)

sing

;

song

; waka (poem)
歌;唱;和歌歌;唱;和歌노래[가];노래하다;노래;와카
 訓読み
sing

歌う

うたうto sing
歌い手うたいてslightly archaicsinger;recent useutaite (people who are primarily active (or have their roots) on the Internet. Generally, they cover vocaloid original songs, anime songs, game-related songs, J-Pop, etc.)
song; waka (poem)

うたsong
音読み
sing

歌手

かしゅsinger
song
*歌詞かしlyrics; words (of a song)
*

国歌

こっかnational anthem
waka (poem)
1  短歌たんかtanka (a Japanese verse in five lines of 5, 7, 5, 7 and 7 syllables)
(phonetic equivalent)
*

歌舞伎

かぶきkabuki (Japanese traditional classical drama)





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