日本語学習者のための漢字634 語彙リスト詳細版
語彙リスト詳細版凡例
第11課
177
牛
/牛/牛/소[우];소
訓読み
◎ cattle
↓牛
うし cattle; cow; ox; bull
音読み
◎ cattle
↑牛 ぎゅう 《abbrev.》beef (< "牛肉"(ぎゅうにく))
牛肉 ぎゅうにく beef
牛乳
ぎゅうにゅう (cow's) milk (乳= milk)
* 乳牛 にゅうぎゅう 《formal》milk cow
178
鳥
/鸟;鸡/鳥;雞/새[조];새;닭
訓読み
ⓐ bird
鳥
とり bird; hen; cock; chicken
小鳥
ことり little [small] bird
ⓑ chicken(=鶏(にわとり))
* 鳥肉(鶏肉) とりにく chicken
* 焼き鳥
やきとり yakitori (grilled chicken on a skewer [stick]) (焼 ➦544)
音読み
ⓐ bird
* 野鳥 やちょう 《slightly formal》wild bird
179
肉
ⓐ meat
; ⓑ flesh; ⓒ with no equipment; ⓓ very close; ⓔ something soft and elastic; ⓕ thickness of a thing
/肉;有弹性的东西;厚;(充实)内容/肉;有彈性的東西;厚;(充實)內容
/고기[육];고기;살;육- (기구 없이);매우 가깝다;탄력성의 있는 것;물건의 두께
音読み
ⓐ meat
羊の肉 ひつじのにく mutton; lamb (meat) (羊 ➦367)
‡ 羊肉 ようにく 《formal》mutton; lamb (meat)
* 焼き肉(焼肉)
やきにく yakiniku (Japanese dish of grilled meat similar to Korean barbecue); grilled meat (焼 ➦544)
ⓕ thickness of a thing
‡ 肉太の にくぶとの bold (letter)
180
魚
ⓐ fish
; ⓑ fish-shaped thing
/鱼/魚/물고기[어];물고기;생선;물고기 모양의 물건
訓読み
ⓐ fish
魚屋 さかなや fish store [shop]; fishmonger
* 焼き魚
やきざかな grilled fish (焼 ➦544)
音読み
ⓐ fish
* 人魚 にんぎょ mermaid; merman
ⓑ fish-shaped thing
‡ 魚雷 ぎょらい torpedo
‡ 木魚 もくぎょ wooden fish gong; Chinese temple block (used in Buddhist ceremonies)
181
料
ⓐ material
; ⓑ fee; ⓒ speculate
/料;费用/料;費用/헤아릴[료]([요]);재료;요금;짐작을 하다
音読み
ⓐ material
資料
しりょう material (for research, investigation, etc.); data; document (資 ➦594)
原料 げんりょう (raw) materials (not retaining the original form); ingredient
材料 ざいりょう materials (retaining the original form); ingredient (for cooking); data (for making a decision) (材= timber; material)
調味料 ちょうみりょう seasoning
料理する りょうりする to defeat easily; to rule smartly; to cook
* 日本料理
にほんりょうり Japanese cuisine
中国料理 ちゅうごくりょうり Chinese cuisine
中華料理 ちゅうかりょうり Chinese cuisine (arranged according to Japanese taste)
フランス料理 ふらんすりょうり French cuisine
ⓑ fee
料金
りょうきん fee; charge; fare
送料 そうりょう 《slightly formal》postage; carriage
給料 きゅうりょう salary; pay
有料
ゆうりょう 《slightly formal》charged; pay; toll
無料
むりょう 《slightly formal》free (of charge) (無 ➦505)
ⓒ speculate
‡ 思料 しりょう «also written as "思量"» 《very formal》careful consideration
182
理
ⓐ linear pattern; ⓑ circumstance; ⓒ reason; ⓓ natural science; ⓔ manage
/理/理/다스릴[리]([이]);줄무늬 모양;모습;도리;자연 과학;다듬다;다스리다
音読み
ⓑ circumstance (←"pattern")
地理 ちり geography
ⓒ reason (←"line of thought")
理由
りゆう reason; grounds (由 ➦318)
理解する りかいする 《slightly formal》to understand; to comprehend
無理な
むりな unreasonable; impossible; forced; excessive (無 ➦505)
無理 むり unreasonableness; impossibility; compulsion; overwork
‖ 無理をする むりをする to overwork oneself
* 物理学 ぶつりがく 《academic》physics
ⓓ natural science
‡ 理学 りがく 《academic》physical science; natural science (the study of principles, laws, and phenomena found in nature)
‖ 理学部 りがくぶ faculty [school] of science
ⓔ manage
整理する せいりする to put (things or places) in order; to (re)arrange; to dispose of; to pay off
管理 かんり 《slightly formal》administration; management; control
* 管理人 かんりにん superintendent (of an apartment house); custodian [caretaker] (of a public building)
* 管理者 かんりしゃ 《formal》administrator
修理
しゅうり repair; mending (修= repair)
* 日本料理 にほんりょうり Japanese cuisine
183
野
ⓐ field
; ⓑ wild; ⓒ ambitious; ⓓ nongovernment
/野/野/들[야];들;야생의;분수를 넘는;정부 이외의
訓読み
ⓐ field; ⓑ wild
↓野 の 《archaic》field; the wild
ⓐ field
* 野原 のはら open field
長野
ながの 《proper name》Nagano (place name) (長 ➦237)
上野 うえの 《proper name》Ueno (place name in Tokyo)
ⓑ wild
‡ 野薔薇 のばら wild rose
音読み
ⓐ field
平野 へいや plain (field)
‡ 原野 げんや 《formal》plain field (left in a natural state); untouched [unspoiled] plains
* 野球
やきゅう baseball (球 ➦551)
分野 ぶんや 《slightly formal》field (of study, activity)
1 視野 しや 《formal》field of vision [view]; sight; one's horizons; scope; outlook
ⓑ wild
1 野生 やせい wild; growing in the wild
* 野鳥 やちょう 《slightly formal》wild bird
* 野獣 やじゅう 《slightly formal》wild animal [beast]
ⓒ ambitious
1 野心 やしん 《slightly formal》ambition; aspiration
ⓓ nongovernment
‡↑野 や 《formal》lacking a political post
1 野党 やとう opposition party; party out of power
‡ 下野する げやする 《formal》to go into opposition
‡ 在野の ざいやの 《formal》nongovernmental; outside government
184
菜
ⓐ vegetable
; ⓑ dish (as part of a meal)
/菜/菜/나물[채];나물;요리 한 접시
訓読み
ⓐ vegetable (←"edible herbaceous plant")
‡ 青菜 あおな 《slightly archaic》green leaf vegetables
‡ 菜の花 なのはな field mustard; rapeseed flower; rapeseed plant
音読み
ⓐ vegetable (←"edible herbaceous plant")
* 山菜 さんさい edible wild plants
ⓑ dish (as part of a meal)
* 前菜 ぜんさい hors d'oeuvre; appetizer; starter; antipasto
‡ 主菜 しゅさい 《formal》main dish
185
屋
ⓐ house
; ⓑ roof; ⓒ specialty shop
; ⓓ suffix indicating a person of a particular profession; ⓔ suffix indicating a person of a particular inclination; ⓕ suffix attached to the name of a store; ⓖ suffix attached to a stage family name
/屋;屋顶;-店;特定职业的人;有某种倾向的人;商号后缀名
/屋;屋頂;-店;特定職業的人;有某種傾向的人;商號後綴名
/집[옥];집;지붕;-가게;특정 직업의 사람;특정 경향을 가지는 사람을 나타내는 접미사;가부키 일문의 이름을 나타내는 접미사
訓読み
ⓐ house
小屋 こや hut; shack; (log) cabin
ⓑ roof
屋根 やね roof (of a house); housetop
‡ 屋形船 やかたぶね Japanese-style roofed boat [Japanese houseboat] (used for recreation)
ⓒ specialty shop; ⓓ suffix indicating a person of a particular profession
* 本屋
ほんや bookstore; bookshop; bookseller
‡ 魚屋
さかなや fish store [shop]; fishmonger
‡ 花屋
はなや flower shop; florist
‡ カメラ屋 かめらや camera store [shop]
八百屋 やおや vegetable shop; greengrocer's (shop); greengrocer
ⓓ suffix indicating a person of a particular profession (indicating earning money on the job)
‡ 政治屋 せいじや 《informal》(in a derogatory sense) politician
‡ 物理屋 ぶつりや person who makes a living by physics; (in a humble or ironic sense) specialist in physics
‡ 殺し屋 ころしや (professional) killer; (hired) killer
ⓔ suffix indicating a person of a particular inclination
1 恥ずかしがり屋 はずかしがりや shy person (恥= ashamed)
○(others)
名古屋
なごや 《proper name》Nagoya (place name)
音読み
ⓐ house
‡ 屋内の おくないの 《slightly formal》inside a house [building]; indoor
屋外の おくがいの 《slightly formal》outside a house [building]; outdoor
家屋 かおく 《formal》house
ⓑ roof
屋上
おくじょう roof floor; (flat) rooftop (where people can go up)
186
店
/店/店/가게[점];가게
訓読み
◎ shop
音読み
◎ shop
喫茶店 きっさてん Japanese-style coffee shop (which serves non-alcoholic drinks, sweets and light meal)
書店
しょてん 《formal》bookstore; bookshop
* 本店
ほんてん main [head] store [shop, office]
支店
してん branch store (支 ➦427)
店員
てんいん (store) clerk; shop assistant
* 店主 てんしゅ 《slightly formal》store [shop] owner; storekeeper; shopkeeper
* 来店 らいてん 《formal》coming to a store [shop, restaurant, etc.]
売店 ばいてん concession stand; kiosk; small shop (in a station, a hospital, a school, a museum, a zoo, a passenger ship, etc.)
187
茶
ⓐ tea
; ⓑ brown; ⓒ not serious
/茶;不认真/茶;不認真/차[차]/차[다];차;갈색;진지하지 않다
音読み
ⓐ tea
↓茶
ちゃ 《formal; archaic when used in a conversation》tea (as a general term); green tea
↑お茶
おちゃ 《polite or colloquial》green tea; (general term of tea and coffee);《popularly used》(=茶道(さどう))Japanese tea ceremony; Way of Tea
‖ お茶でも飲みませんか。 おちゃでものみませんか。 Why don't we have a coffee or something?
紅茶
こうちゃ black tea (紅= vivid red)
* 緑茶
りょくちゃ green tea (when used to distinguish it from other kinds of tea such as black tea or oolong tea) (緑 ➦228)
* 日本茶
にほんちゃ Japanese tea, usually refers to green tea (when used to distinguish it from imported tea such as black tea or oolong tea)
喫茶店
きっさてん Japanese-style coffee shop (which serves non-alcoholic drinks, sweets and light meal) (喫= ingest)
* 茶道 さどう Japanese tea ceremony; Way of Tea (also called "ちゃどう" depending on the school)
* 日常茶飯事 にちじょうさはんじ everyday occurrence (日常= daily)
ⓑ brown
茶色
ちゃいろ brown (color) (色 ➦276)
ⓒ not serious
‡ お茶目な おちゃめな playful (of a child or like a child); mischievous
188
酒
ⓐ alcoholic drink
; ⓑ sake
/酒;日本酒/酒;日本酒/술[주];술;일본 술
訓読み
ⓐ alcoholic drink; ⓑ sake
↓酒
さけ 《formal; rough-spoken when used in a conversation》alcoholic drink [beverage]; sake (Japanese rice wine)
↑お酒
おさけ 《colloquial and polite》alcoholic drink [beverage]; sake (Japanese rice wine)
ⓐ alcoholic drink
* 酒屋
さかや liquor store [shop] ; liquor store owner [worker]
* 居酒屋 いざかや izakaya; Japanese-style bar (居= sit)
ⓑ sake
* 地酒 じざけ locally-brewed sake
音読み
ⓐ alcoholic drink
* 日本酒
にほんしゅ sake (Japanese rice wine)
* 洋酒 ようしゅ 《slightly archaic》Western liquor; Western wine and spirits
* 飲酒 いんしゅ 《formal》alcohol drinking
ⓑ sake
* 清酒 せいしゅ 《formal》(refined) sake