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日本語学習者のための漢字634 語彙リスト詳細版
語彙リスト詳細版凡例

第18課
290
使

つか(う)

messenger; make someone do;

use

使使부릴[사];심부름꾼;시키다;쓰다 (사용하다)
 訓読み
messenger
1  使いつかいslightly archaicerrand; messenger
use

使う

つかうto use; to make use of; to spend

使い方

つかいかたhow to use
*使い捨てつかいすてsingle-use; disposable
音読み
messenger
大使たいしambassador

大使館

たいしかんembassy
天使てんしangel
1  使命しめいmission (命= life; command
make someone do
使役しえきformalforced labor;grammarcausative
使役形しえきけいgrammarcausative form
use

使用する

しようするslightly formalto use; to employ
*使用中しようちゅうslightly formaloccupied; engaged; busy
*使用禁止しようきんしformalprohibition of the use (禁 569)

291

つく(る)

サク

make

; piece of work; crop; action
作;做;作品;收获作;做;作品;收穫지을[작];만들다;짓다;만든 물건;수확;행동;작용
 訓読み
make

作る

つくるto make

作り方

つくりかたhow to make
*手作りのてづくりのhandmade; hand-crafted; homemade; homegrown
音読み
make; piece of work; action
製作するせいさくするslightly formalto manufacture; to make
制作するせいさくするslightly formalto produce (works of art; a movie, a broadcast program, etc.)
作曲さっきょく(musical) composition

作文

さくぶんcomposition (written as a school exercise)

作家

さっかauthor; (professional) writer
作者さくしゃslightly formal(person who is the maker of something piece of work) author; writer; artist; composer
作物さくもつslightly formalcrop; crop plant
*著作権ちょさくけんcopyright
piece of work
作品さくひん(piece of) work (品 488)
crop
1  豊作ほうさくgood [bumper] crop; good [rich] harvest
*不作ふさくpoor [bad] crop [harvest]
1  凶作きょうさく(severely) poor [bad] crop [harvest]
action
1  作戦さくせんstrategy; tactics; operation

操作

そうさslightly formaloperation (by an operator); manipulation (操= manipulate
作業さぎょうslightly formalwork (by a set process); oparation
動作どうさslightly formalaction; movement; operation (of a system)
1  作用さようslightly formaloperation; action; effect (of the medicine)
1  発作ほっさfit (of illness); attack (of illness)

292

すわ(る)

seat;

sit

; be stranded; gathering place; guild; troupe; stage; theater; accusation
座;坐;搁浅;汇集的地方;行会;剧院;舞台座;坐;擱淺;匯集的地方;行會;劇院;舞台
자리[좌];자리;앉다;얹히다;모여 있는 장소;동업 조합;예능 집단;무대;극장;고발
 訓読み
sit

座る

すわるto sit [down]
音読み
seat

座席

ざせきslightly formalseat (such as chair or bench) (席 362)

座布団

ざぶとんJapanese seat cushion (布団(ふとん)= thick bed quilt and mattress
座敷ざしきdrawing room with tatami
sit
*正座するせいざするto sit with one's legs bent beneath one
座禅ざぜんBuddhismzazen, sitting cross-legged for meditation in Zen Buddhism
be stranded
座礁するざしょうするformal(of a ship,) to run aground
gathering place
1  星座せいざconstellation
オリオン座おりおんざOrion (constellation)
牡牛座おうしざTaurus (constellation)
口座こうざ(bank) account;businessaccount (in bookkeeping); journal [account] (in accounting transaction)
gathering place; troupe
座長ざちょうchairperson (of a committee); leader of a troupe
guild
材木座ざいもくざthe zaimoku-za (guild of lumber dealers)
銀座ぎんざproper nameGinza (place name in Tokyo) (←"the silver-coin mint in Edo Period, originated in silver trade guild"
troupe
一座いちざtroupe; company (of players)
stage (for the performance of productions)
前座ぜんざopening act
theater
名画座めいがざslightly archaicclassic film theater
オペラ座おぺらざproper namethe Opera House of Paris
accusation
連座制れんざせいlegalguilt-by-association system

293

おも(う)

think (sensuously)

; feel
思;想思;想생각[사];생각하다
 訓読み
think (sensuously); feel

思う

おもうto think (sensuously); to feel; to guess; to regard; to expect; to fear; to suppose
think (sensuously)

思い出す

おもいだすto recall; to remember
思い出おもいでmemory (event that left an impression)
音読み
think (sensuously)

不思議な

ふしぎなmysterious; marvelous; wonderful
意思いしformalmind; intention
思想しそうslightly formal(systematic) thought; idea
1  思考しこうformalthought; consideration

294

し(る)

know

; wisdom; govern
知;智知;智알[지];알다;슬기;다스리다
 訓読み
know

知る

しるformal except for negative or teiru-formto understand; to learn
‖ 知りませんしりませんdon't know
‖ 知っているしっているto know

知らせる

しらせるto inform; to tell (somebody about something)

お知らせ

おしらせpolite and soft-spoken(official) notice; announcement
*知り合うしりあうto get acquainted (with someone); to get to know someone
知り合いしりあいacquaintance
音読み
know

知識

ちしきknowledge (識= to perceive

知人

ちじんslightly formalacquaintance
wisdom
知恵ちえwisdom; brain (< formerly written as "智慧"
知能ちのうintelligence; intellectual ability
govern
知事ちじ(prefectural) governor

295

あら(う)

セン

wash

씻을[세];씻다;빨다;(머리를) 감다
 訓読み
wash

洗う

あらうto wash
手洗いてらあいwashing one's hands; hand washing; washing by hands;archaicthe bathroom; toilet

お手洗い

おてあらいpolite and slightly archaicrestroom; toilet; bathroom
音読み
wash

洗濯

せんたくwashing (濯= rince

洗濯する

せんたくするto do the washing
*

洗濯機

せんたくきwashing machine (機 354)
*洗濯物せんたくものthe laundry
洗剤せんざいdetergent; (dishwashing or laundry) cleanser
*洗面所せんめんじょslightly formallavatory; washroom; bathroom (not focus on bathing)

296

かんが(える)

コウ

think (through intellectual process)

; research
思考;想思考;想생각할[고];생각하다;조사하다
 訓読み
think (through intellectual process)

考える

かんがえるto think (through intellectual process); to consider

考え

かんがえthinking; thought; idea; opinion
*考え方かんがえかたway of thinking; how to solve
音読み
think (through intellectual process)
1  思考しこうformalthought; consideration
*考案するこうあんする 《formalto invent; to devise
*考察するこうさつする 《formalto consider; to examine
research
参考さんこうreference (参 545)

参考書

さんこうしょreference book; study aid
1  考古学こうこがくacademicarchaeology

297

お(す)

、お(さえる)

オウ

hold down;

push

; to rhyme
押;压;推;按押;壓;推;按누를[압];누르다;밀다;(운자를) 달다
 訓読み
hold down
押さえるおさえるto press [hold] so as not to move
push

押す

おすto push; to press; to affix (a seal)

押し入れ

おしいれtraditional Japanese closet (a small room to store bedding such as futon)
音読み
hold down
*

押収

おうしゅうlegalseizure [confiscation] (by the court or investigating authority) (収 428)
push
押印おういんformalto affix a seal
to rhyme
押韻おういんlinguisticsrhyming

298

ひ(く)

、ひ(ける)

イン

draw;

pull

; bring; lead; extract; look up in (a dictionary); undertake; catch (a cold); subtract
引;画(线);拉;退;带来;领;抽出;查(词典);负(责任、任务);得(感冒);减
引;畫(線);拉;退;帶來;領;抽出;查(詞典);負(責任、任務);得(感冒);減
끌[인];당기다;끌다;(선을) 긋다;가져오다;이끌다;빼다;(사전을) 찾다;떠맡다;(감기에) 걸리다
 訓読み
draw; pull; lead; extract; look up in (a dictionary); catch (a cold); subtract

引く

ひく(to draw or pull something toward oneself) to pull; to draw; to lead; to look up in (a dictionary); to catch (a cold); to subtract
draw; pull; bring

引き出す

ひきだすto pull out; to bring out (performance, a talent, etc.); to withdraw
draw; pull; lead
引っ張るひっぱるto pull [draw] (a rope [cloth] so as not to be slack; someone's arm, at someone's sleeve, etc.); to stretch (a rope, cloth, etc.); to tug; to lead (at the head)
draw; pull

引き出し

ひきだしdrawer (of a desk, of a chest of drawers)
draw
引き分けひきわけdraw (in competition); tie game
*引き分けるひきわけるto fight [end in] a draw
pull; bring
1  引き起こすひきおこすto pull someone or something that has fallen over up; to pull upright; to give rise to; to cause; to bring about
bring

引っ越しする

ひっこしするto move (house, office, etc.) (越= go beyond; change quarters
引っ越すひっこすto move (house, office, etc.)
undertake
引き受けるひきうけるto take on [undertake, accept] (a task, a job, duties, responsibilities, etc.); to stand surety (for someone)
subtract

割引

わりびきdiscount (割 434)
*学生割引がくせいわりびきstudent discount
*1割引いちわりびき10% off the price
音読み
draw; pull

引力

いんりょくphysicsattraction (attractive force); gravity (the force that attracts objects towards each other); gravitational pull
pull (back)
引退するいんたいするto retire
lead
強引なごういんなforcible (against one's will or in an unreasonable way); be in an illogical way
extract
引用するいんようするto quote; to cite
索引さくいんindex
undertake
引責いんせきformaltaking responsibility

299

ま(つ)

タイ

wait

; treat; entertain
待;等待;等기다릴[대];기다리다;다루다;대접하다
 訓読み
wait

待つ

まつto wait
待ち合わせるまちあわせるto arrange to meet
待合室まちあいしつwaiting room (as in a station or a hospital); lounge (as in an airport)
音読み
wait

期待する

きたいするto expect (期 590)
treat
1  待遇たいぐうslightly formaltreatment
entertain

招待する

しょうたいするto invitec (招 405)

300

あ(う)

、あ(わす)、あ(わせる)

ゴウ

ガッ

、カッ

fit

; combine; act upon each other; condition; unit of one-tenth
合;互相;情况合;互相;情況
합할[합];맞다;맞추다;서로 하다;상황;용적이나 산의 높이 등의 10분의 1의 단위
 訓読み
fit

合う

あうto fit; to suit; to agree; to be right

間に合う

まにあうto be [get, reach] in time
似合うにあうto suit; to look good [nice] on; to match (似= to look like
待ち合わせるまちあわせるto arrange to meet
*答え合わせこたえあわせchecking answers
問い合わせといあわせslightly formalinquiry
act upon each other
1見合いみあいformal marriage meeting; arranged introduction for marriage
1お見合いおみあいpolite or colloquial》= 見合い
*

知り合う

しりあうto get acquainted (with someone); to get to know someone
知り合いしりあいacquaintance
付き合うつきあうto go with somebody; to associate with; to go around together (付 344)

試合

しあいgame; match (試 327)
condition

場合

ばあいcase; occasion

具合

ぐあいcondition; convenience; manner (具 606)
音読み
fit

都合

つごうcircumstances; convenience
‖ 都合がいいつごうがいいto suit one's schedule; to serve one's interest

合格する

ごうかくするslightly formalto pass (an exam); to get through (a test); to stand (the quality test) (格 431)
*合法ごうほうslightly formallegality; lawfulness; legitimacy
combine
合同ごうどう 《slightly formaljoint (of two or more groups, organizations);techinical in mathematicscongruence

合計

ごうけいsum; total
1  合唱がっしょうchorus
*

合宿

がっしゅくlodging together for training (宿 322)
ごうphilosophysynthesis (in dialectics);astronomyconjunction (of a planet and the sun)
unit of one-tenth (of the volume or of the height of a mountain)
ごうgō (one tenth of shō (""(しょう)≒ 1.8 liters), a traditional unit of volume); one-tenth of the way from the base to the summit of a mountain
‖ 八合目はちごうめeighth station (of a mountain)

301

た(つ)

た(てる)

ケン

、コン

build

; to state
세울[건];(건물을) 짓다;세우다;제의하다
 訓読み
build

建つ

たつvi.to be built; (of a house, a building, etc.,) to stand

建てる

たてるvt.to build; to found

建物

たてものbuilding
音読み
build

建設する

けんせつするformalto construct; to build (設 605)
建築けんちくslightly formalconstruction; building; architecture
to state
建議けんぎvery formalproposal (to the government offices); memorial (to the government)

302

はこ(ぶ)

ウン

move around

; move forward; to handle; carry; fortune
运;进行;驾運;進行;駕옮길[운];돌아다니다;진행되다;움직여 부리다;나르다;운
 訓読み
move forward; to handle; carry

運ぶ

はこぶto carry; to transport
音読み
move around

運動

うんどうexercise (for physical fitness); sports; (political, social or physical) movement

運動する

うんどうするto exercise; to take [do] exercise; to campaign (against, for)
*運動会うんどうかいsports meeting
move around; carry
*運行うんこうformalrevolution (of a planet); service (of transportation on a fixed route)
to handle

運転する

うんてんするto drive (an automobile); to operate [work] (a machine)

運転手

うんてんしゅdriver; professional driver
*運転者うんてんしゃformaldriver
carry
1  運送うんそうslightly formaltransportation; transport
運河うんがcanal
1  運用うんようformal(utilizing its function or ability) making use of; application; practical use;economics(asset) management
1  運営うんえいslightly formalmanagement (such as of an organization or a system)
fortune (←"turn of Fortune's wheel"
うんluck, fortune
幸運なこううんなslightly formallucky; fortunate
不運なふうんなslightly formalunlucky; unfortunate

303

いそ(ぐ)

キュウ

hurry

; urgent; sudden; sharp; vitally important
急;陡;要急;陡;要급할[급];서두르다;급하다;중요하다
 訓読み
hurry

急ぐ

いそぐto hurry (up); to rush; to hasten
音読み
hurry; sudden; sharp
急なきゅうなrapid (stream); sudden; sharp (curve, turn); steep (slope)
hurry
急行きゅうこうexpress (train) (< an abbreviation of "急行列車"(きゅうこうれっしゃ)or "急行電車"(きゅうこうでんしゃ))
特急とっきゅうspecial [limited] express (train) (< an abbreviation of "特別急行列車"(とくべつきゅうこうれっしゃ)or "特別急行電車"(とくべつきゅうこうでんしゃ))(特 453)
urgent
*急用きゅうようurgent business
*

救急車

きゅうきゅうしゃambulance (救= rescue
sudden

急に

きゅうにsuddenly
*急病きゅうびょうsudden illness
sharp
*急カーブきゅうかーぶsharp curve [turn]
急勾配きゅうこうばいslightly formalsteep (gradient)
vitally important
急所きゅうしょslightly formal(body part concerning one's live) vital organ [spot]; male crotch (as a target in fighting);figurativelyessential point; sore spot; weak point

304

すす(む)

、すす(める)

シン

advance

; proffer; enterprising
进(向前进,赠给);自愿地進(向前進,贈給);自願地나아갈[진];나아가다;드리다;나서서
 訓読み
advance

進む

すすむvi.to go forward [ahead]; to advance; to make progress; to get along with; (of a clock or a watch,) to gain time [run fast]
進めるすすめるvt.to put forward; to advance; to go on with
enterprising
進んですすんでadv.enterprisingly; voluntarily; willingly
音読み
advance

前進する

ぜんしんするslightly formalto go forward; to progress; to advance
進歩するしんぽするto (make) progress (to a desired direction); to advance

進学する

しんがくするslightly formalto go on to [enter] the next stage of education
proffer
1  進呈するしんていするformalto present (a gift) in more formal situation, "贈呈する"(ぞうていする))(呈= to present; to show
進言しんげんformalsuggestion [advice] (to the superiors)
enterprising
進取しんしゅvery formalenterprise; pioneering





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