日本語学習者のための漢字634 語彙リスト詳細版
語彙リスト詳細版凡例
第20課
320
問
ⓐ question
; ⓑ accuse; ⓒ take into account; ⓓ visit; ⓔ request; ⓕ wholesale
/问;托;批发/問;託;批發/물을[문];묻다;물음;찾아가다;맡기다;도매
訓読み
ⓐ question; ⓑ accuse; ⓒ take into account
問う とう 《formal and archaic》to ask; to question; to inquire
ⓐ question
問1
といいち question number one
問い合わせ
といあわせ 《slightly formal》inquiry
ⓔ request; ⓕ wholesale
‡↓問屋 といや 《historical or legal》commission agent;《archaic》wholesale dealer [merchant]; wholesaler; wholesale store
ⓕ wholesale
1 ↑問屋 とんや wholesale dealer [merchant]; wholesaler; wholesale store
音読み
ⓐ question
質問 しつもん question; query (a question to get an answer or some information) (質 ➦324)
質問する しつもんする to ask a question
疑問 ぎもん doubt; question (doubts in one's mind due to a lack of understanding)
‡ 尋問 じんもん 《formal》interrogation (by police or prosecutors)
問題
もんだい question; problem; issue
学問 がくもん 《formal》learning; academics
ⓓ visit (< visit to ask after someone)
訪問する ほうもんする 《slightly formal》to visit; to call (at someone's house)
321
題
ⓐ title
; ⓑ topic; ⓒ question
/题/題/제목[제];제목;주제;물음
音読み
ⓐ title
題 だい 《slightly formal》title; subject; theme
ⓑ topic
1 主題 しゅだい 《slightly formal》topic; subject
話題
わだい topic [subject] (of conversation)
1 議題 ぎだい 《slightly formal》subject [topic] of discussion; agenda
1 課題 かだい 《slightly formal》problem; task; assignment
* ~放題
~ほうだい as much as one likes (放 ➦393)
‖ 飲み放題
のみほうだい all-you-can-drink
ⓒ question (←"titled writing")
問題
もんだい question; problem; issue
宿題 しゅくだい assignment, homework (assignment)
322
宿
ⓐ lodge
; ⓑ stay with a host; ⓒ be pregnant; ⓓ preexist
/宿;寄居;存在;孕/宿;寄居;存在;懷孕/묵을[숙];묵다;기거하다;머무르다;잉태되다;이전부터의
訓読み
ⓐ lodge
宿
やど 《slightly archaic》(general term for) lodging facilities
ⓐ lodge; ⓑ stay with a host
‡↓宿主 やどぬし (parasitic) host;《archaic》innkeeper
ⓐ lodge; ⓑ stay with a host; ⓒ be pregnant
‡ 宿る やどる 《formal》to inhabit; (of a mind,) to dwell (in a body);《archaic》(of a baby,) to enter the womb
音読み
ⓐ lodge
宿泊する
しゅくはくする 《slightly formal》to lodge; to stay (at a hotel, lodge, etc.) (泊 ➦381)
1 民宿 みんしゅく tourist home (private home providing lodging for travelers)
* 合宿 がっしゅく lodging together for training
新宿 しんじゅく 《proper name》Shinjuku (place name in Tokyo)
原宿 はらじゅく 《proper name》Harajuku (place name in Tokyo)
ⓑ stay with a host
‡↑宿主 しゅくしゅ 《biology》(parasitic) host
ⓓ preexist
宿題
しゅくだい assignment; homework (assignment) (< originally, "assignment given beforehand"
1 宿命 しゅくめい 《slightly formal》destiny; fate (< destiny that results from the previous life)
323
練
{glossed silk}; ⓐ refine
; ⓑ knead; ⓒ parading
/练;搋;炼;结队游行/練;搋;煉;結隊遊行
/익힐[련]([연]);{연사(練絲)};잘 단련하다;다듬다;반죽하다;누비고 다니다
訓読み
ⓐ refine; ⓑ knead
‡ 練る
ねる to knead; to polish (such as a plan)
音読み
ⓐ refine
練習
れんしゅう practice; exercise
練習する
れんしゅうする to practice; to excercise oneself
訓練 くんれん 《slightly formal》training
ⓑ knead
‡ 練炭 れんたん coal briquette
324
質
ⓐ substance; ⓑ unadorned; ⓒ quality; ⓓ inquire
; ⓔ pawn
/质;问/質;問/바탕[질];바탕;검소한;질;묻다;전당
音読み
ⓐ substance
物質 ぶっしつ 《formal》substance; matter
1 本質 ほんしつ 《slightly formal》essence; nature (of a thing)
性質 せいしつ nature; property; character
* 体質 たいしつ predisposition (of the body); character [culture] (of an organization)
ⓒ quality
↓質 しつ quality
1 品質 ひんしつ 《slightly formal》quality
ⓓ inquire
質問
しつもん question; query (a question to get an answer or some information)
質問する
しつもんする to ask a question
ⓔ pawn
‡↑質 しち pawn; pawned article
325
授
/授/授/줄[수];(웃사람이 아랫사람에게) 주다
訓読み
◎ confer on
1 授ける
さずける 《formal》to confer; to initiate
音読み
◎ confer on
授業
じゅぎょう class (hours); school (hours); (class) lesson
↓教授
きょうじゅ 《academic》professor (the highest academic rank teacher in a college or university)
‡ 准教授 じゅんきょうじゅ 《academic》associate professor
‡↑教授する きょうじゅする 《very formal》to instruct
‡ 授受表現 じゅじゅひょうげん 《grammar》Benefactives; Giving and Receiving Expressions
326
業
ⓐ laborious operation
; ⓑ business; ⓒ occupation; ⓓ work; ⓔ karma; ○<industry>
/业;工作;行为/業;工作;行為/업[업];힘든 일;장사;직업;업;작업;일
訓読み
ⓓ work
‡↓業 わざ 《formal and archaic》act (cf. "技"(わざ) skill)
音読み
ⓐ laborious operation
作業 さぎょう 《slightly formal》work (by a set process); oparation
授業
じゅぎょう class (hours); school (hours); (class) lesson
授業料 じゅぎょうりょう school fees; tuition (fees)
卒業する
そつぎょうする to graduate; to finish (school) (卒 ➦484)
ⓑ business
職業 しょくぎょう 《slightly formal》occupation; profession; vocation; job
営業 えいぎょう 《slightly formal》business (especially with customer service such as shop or hotel); sales (sales work or department in a company)
* 営業中 えいぎょうちゅう 《written word》OPEN (sign in a shop or restaurant entrance)
産業 さんぎょう 《slightly formal》industry (as general economic activities)
企業 きぎょう 《slightly formal》(business) enterprise; company [corporation, firm] (as an organizational entity)
1 業者 ぎょうしゃ contractor; subcontractor; supplier (company); dealer (company); vendor (company); distributor (company); manufacturer; fellow trader
ⓒ occupation
‡ 業 ぎょう 《very formal》occupation
~業 ~ぎょう 《suffix》occupation (suffix for classifying industry)
‖ 飲食業 いんしょくぎょう restaurant industry; restaurant business; catering industry
‖ サービス業 さーびすぎょう service industry
ⓓ work
* 残業
ざんぎょう overtime work; working overtime (残 ➦531)
* 残業する
ざんぎょうする to work overtime
ⓔ karma
‡↑業 ごう 《Buddhism》karma (actions to bring reward or retribution in the future, in particular, actions committed in a previous life); deed; misdeed
‡ 自業自得 じごうじとく 《slightly formal》well-earned punishment
○<abbreviation of "産業">
工業 こうぎょう (manufacturing) industry
商業 しょうぎょう 《formal》commerce; business (for-profit business in general)
327
試
/试/試/시험할[시];해 보다;시험하다;<시험>
訓読み
◎ try
試す
ためす to try (the skill, method, effect); to test
1 試みる
こころみる 《formal》to try; to attempt
音読み
◎ try
* 試食 ししょく 《slightly formal》food sampling; food tasting
* 試着する しちゃくする 《slightly formal》to try on (clothes) (着 ➦356)
入学試験 にゅうがくしけん entrance examination (for school); admission test
○<abbreviation of "試験">
入試
にゅうし entrance examination (for school); admission test (< "入学試験"(にゅうがくしけん))
○(phonetic equivalent)
328
験
ⓐ test
; ⓑ efficacy; ⓒ omen
/验;兆头/驗;兆頭/시험[험];시험하다;징험;조짐
音読み
ⓐ test
経験 けいけん experience (経 ➦475)
受験する じゅけんする 《slightly formal》 take an examination (for entering school, employment, qualification)
実験 じっけん experiment (実 ➦330)
体験 たいけん 《slightly formal》(actual) experience
ⓑ efficacy
‡ 治験 ちけん 《formal》clinical trial (←"efficacy of treatment")
ⓑ efficacy; ⓒ omen
‡ 験 げん 《slightly archaic》omen; effect (of incantations and prayers)
329
受
ⓐ receive
; ⓑ accept; ⓒ take (an examination)
/受;接到;应(考)/受;接到;應(考)/받을[수];받다
訓読み
ⓐ receive; ⓑ accept; ⓒ take (an examination)
受ける
うける ⦅vt.⦆ to receive; to catch; to take (an exam, a test, lessons); to undergo (a medical examination [an operation]); to accept (a challenge); to suffer
ⓐ receive
受け取る うけとる to receive; to get
1 受け身(受身)
うけみ passiveness; passive [defensive] attitude;《grammar》passive voice (身 ➦564)
‡ 受身形 うけみけい 《grammar》passive form
ⓐ receive; ⓑ accept
1 受け付ける うけつける to accept; to receive (an application) (付 ➦344)
受付
うけつけ reception [front, information] desk; receptionist
引き受ける ひきうける to take on [undertake] (a task, a job, a mission, etc.); to accept (an offer, a job, a responsibility, a position, etc.); to stand surety (for someone)
ⓑ accept
1 受け入れる うけいれる to accept (a request, a proposal, foreign cultures, etc.); to admit (overseas student, someone to an organization, etc.)
ⓒ take (an examination)
1 受かる
うかる ⦅vi.⦆ to pass (in the examination)
音読み
ⓐ receive
* 受信する
じゅしんする 《slightly formal》to receive a message [an email] (信 ➦420)
* 送受信 そうじゅしん 《slightly formal》send and receive
* 受賞する じゅしょうする 《formal》to receive [win] a prize
ⓐ receive; ⓑ accept
‡ 受理する じゅりする 《formal》to receive [accept] (an application, a petition, a lawsuit, etc.)
ⓒ take (an examination)
受験する
じゅけんする 《slightly formal》take an examination (for entering school, employment, qualification)
受験票 じゅけんひょう admission ticket for an examination
330
実
{be filled}; ⓐ substance; ⓑ actual
; ⓒ sincerity; ⓓ related by blood; ⓔ fruit
/实;(骨肉)亲/實;(骨肉)親/열매[실];{빽빽하다};알맹이;실제의;참되다;친- (혈연관계 있는);열매
訓読み
ⓐ substance; ⓔ fruit
ⓔ fruit
実る
みのる 《slightly formal》to bear fruit
音読み
ⓐ substance
1 充実した じゅうじつした ⦅adjective equivalent⦆ full [fulfilling] (days, life, facilities, service, etc.); satisfying (充= filled)
ⓑ actual
実は
じつは Actually, ...; The truth is ...
* 実に じつに 《slightly formal》indeed; really; truly
1 真実
しんじつ 《slightly formal》truth
現実 げんじつ 《slightly formal》reality; actuality (現 ➦425)
実現 じつげんする 《slightly formal》to be realized; to come true
実際に じっさいに actually
実行する じっこうする 《slightly formal》to practice; to carry out; to run (computer program)
実施する じっしする 《formal and objective》to put into practice [in execution]
実力 じつりょく real ability; (use of) force
確実な かくじつな 《slightly formal》certain; sure
ⓒ sincerity
1 誠実な せいじつな 《slightly formal》sincere; honest
ⓓ related by blood
‡↑実の じつの 《slightly formal》biological; by bood (e.g., 実の兄 brother by blood =《formal》実兄(じっけい)) (cf. "義理の兄"(ぎりのあに) brother-in-law =《formal》"義兄"(ぎけい))
1 実家 じっか one's parents' home
ⓔ fruit
果実 かじつ 《formal》(edible juicy and sweet) fruit
331
予
ⓐ in advance
; ⓑ delay; ⓒ anticipated health condition
/预;延时/預;延時/미리[예];미리;지연되다;예상되는 건강 상태
音読み
ⓐ in advance
予習
よしゅう preparation (for class)
予定
よてい plan; program; schedule (定 ➦357)
* 予定表 よていひょう program; schedule; timetable
予約
よやく reservation; booking; advance order; appointment (of consultation) (約 ➦364)
* 予約席 よやくせき seat (already) reserved; reserved table; Reserved (sign on a restaurant table)
天気予報
てんきよほう weather forecast (報 ➦492)
予算 よさん 《slightly formal》budget; required amount of money
* 予選 よせん elimination [qualifying, preliminary] round [contest, heat]
ⓑ delay
‡ 猶予 ゆうよ 《formal》postponement; delay; hesitation;《legal》suspension (of a sentence)
ⓒ anticipated health condition
‡ 予後 よご 《medical》prognosis
332
復
ⓐ return to
; ⓑ revenge; ⓒ repeat
/复/復/회복할[복]/다시[부];돌아가다;돌아오다;회복하다;복수하다;되풀이하다
音読み
ⓐ return to
往復
おうふく round-trip (往= go)
回復する かいふくする 《slightly formal》to recover
* 復帰 ふっき 《slightly formal》return (to the previous state, job, position, etc.)
1 復活 ふっかつ revival
ⓑ revenge
‡ 復讐 ふくしゅう revenge (with a grudge)
ⓒ repeat
復習
ふくしゅう review (of learned material)
‡ 総復習 そうふくしゅう total review
333
発
ⓐ shoot; ⓑ start; ⓒ give off; ⓓ utter; ⓔ emerge; ⓕ bring out
; ⓖ grow; ⓗ repel; ⓘ lively; ⓙ brew
/发;弹;泼/發;彈;潑/필[발];쏘다;내다;자라다;튀다;활기찬;양조하다
音読み
ⓐ shoot
発射する はっしゃする 《slightly formal》to shoot (a bullet); to launch (a rocket)
ⓐ shoot; ⓑ start
~発 ~はつ departing from [at (time)]; (counter for gunshots, bullets, punches, etc.)
ⓑ start
出発する
しゅっぱつする 《slightly formal》to depart; to start; to leave
1 始発 しはつ the first train [bus, plane, etc.] (of the day) (始 ➦345)
ⓒ give off; ⓓ utter; ⓔ emerge
* 発する はっする 《formal》to emit [give off] (light, fire, smoke, voice, a smell, etc.); to utter (a word, a cry, etc.); to radiate (heat, light, etc.) ; to issue (orders, ordinances, etc.); to originate (in)
ⓒ give off
‡ 発光する はっこうする 《formal》to emit light
発電 はつでん electric power generation; electricity generation
爆発 ばくはつ explosion; burst; eruption
ⓓ utter
1 発言する はつげんする 《slightly formal》to say (something); to speak; to make remarks
ⓔ emerge
1 発生する はっせいする 《formal》to occer; to break out; to rise
発見する
はっけんする 《slightly formal》to discover; to find
1 開発する
かいはつする 《slightly formal》to develop (new product, system, land, potential, etc.); to exploit (natural resources) (開 ➦342)
1 発作 ほっさ fit (of illness); attack (of illness)
1 発足する ほっそくする 《formal》(of an organization,) to start
ⓕ bring out
発売する はつばいする 《slightly formal》to put [go] on sale; to release (for sale)
発表
はっぴょう announcement; publication; presentation
発行 はっこう 《formal》publication (of a newspaper, magazine, book, etc.); issue (of certificates, receipts, banknotes, etc.)
ⓖ grow
発達する はったつする to develop; to grow
ⓗ repel (substitution kanji of "撥")
1 反発する はんぱつする to rebound; to react against; to rebel against; to oppose; to resist; to repel; (of the stock market,) to rally
ⓘ lively (substitution kanji of "潑")
1 活発な かっぱつな active (motion); lively (action); brisky
ⓙ brew (substitution kanji of "醱")
‡ 発酵する はっこうする ferment
334
表
ⓐ surface
; ⓑ front; ⓒ outside; ⓓ appear (on the surface); ⓔ express
; ⓕ announce; ⓖ table; ⓗ document
/表;正面;屋外/表;正面;屋外/겉[표];겉;나타내다;세상에 알리다;표
訓読み
ⓐ surface; ⓑ front; ⓒ outside
↓表
おもて surface; face; front; obverse; outside
ⓓ appear (on the surface); ⓔ express
* 表れる
あらわれる 《slightly formal》⦅vi.⦆ to be expressed; to come to the surface
* 表れ あらわれ 《slightly formal》expression; sign
ⓔ express
表す
あらわす 《slightly formal》⦅vt.⦆ to express; to show; to signify; to stand for
音読み
ⓐ surface
表面 ひょうめん surface; top (面 ➦457)
ⓑ front
表紙 ひょうし (front) cover (of a book)
ⓒ outside
‡ 意表 いひょう 《slightly formal》something unexpected; surprise
ⓔ express (←"the act of going [coming] out")
表情 ひょうじょう 《slightly formal》(facial) expression (情 ➦491)
表現 ひょうげん 《slightly formal》expression; presentation (現 ➦425)
発表
はっぴょう announcement; publication; presentation
公表する こうひょうする 《slightly formal》to announce officially; to make public; to disclose; to publish (officially); to release (an information)
代表 だいひょう representative; representation; delegate; deputation
* 表明する ひょうめいする 《formal》to express; to declare
ⓕ announce
‡ 表彰 ひょうしょう award; commendation; publicly acknowledging (someone's contribution)
ⓖ table
図表 ずひょう 《slightly formal》chart; graph; diagram
1 時刻表 じこくひょう timetable (of public transport) (刻= carve; pont of time)
* 予定表
よていひょう schedule; program; timetable (定 ➦357)
ⓗ document (← originally, "a report to the throne")
* 辞表 じひょう letter of resignation