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日本語学習者のための漢字634 語彙リスト詳細版
語彙リスト詳細版凡例

第20課
320

と(い)

と(う)

、とん

モン

question

; accuse; take into account; visit; request; wholesale
问;托;批发問;託;批發물을[문];묻다;물음;찾아가다;맡기다;도매
 訓読み
question; accuse; take into account
問うとうformal and archaicto ask; to question; to inquire
question

問い

といformalquestion

問1

といいちquestion number one

問い合わせ

といあわせslightly formalinquiry
request; wholesale
問屋といやhistorical or legalcommission agent;archaicwholesale dealer [merchant]; wholesaler; wholesale store
wholesale
1問屋とんやwholesale dealer [merchant]; wholesaler; wholesale store
音読み
question
質問しつもんquestion; query (a question to get an answer or some information) (質 324)
質問するしつもんするto ask a question
疑問ぎもんdoubt; question (doubts in one's mind due to a lack of understanding)
尋問じんもんformalinterrogation (by police or prosecutors)

問題

もんだいquestion; problem; issue
学問がくもんformallearning; academics
visit (< visit to ask after someone
訪問するほうもんするslightly formalto visit; to call (at someone's house)

321

ダイ

title

; topic; question
제목[제];제목;주제;물음
音読み
title
だいslightly formaltitle; subject; theme

題名

だいめいtitle
topic
1  主題しゅだいslightly formaltopic; subject

話題

わだいtopic [subject] (of conversation)
1  議題ぎだいslightly formalsubject [topic] of discussion; agenda
1  課題かだいslightly formalproblem; task; assignment
*

~放題

~ほうだいas much as one likes (放 393)

飲み放題

のみほうだいall-you-can-drink
question (←"titled writing"

問題

もんだいquestion; problem; issue
宿題しゅくだいassignment, homework (assignment)

322
宿

やど

、やど()、やど()

シュク

lodge

; stay with a host; be pregnant; preexist
宿;寄居;存在;孕宿;寄居;存在;懷孕묵을[숙];묵다;기거하다;머무르다;잉태되다;이전부터의
 訓読み
lodge

宿

やどslightly archaic(general term for) lodging facilities
lodge; stay with a host
宿主やどぬし(parasitic) host;archaicinnkeeper
lodge; stay with a host; be pregnant
宿るやどるformalto inhabit; (of a mind,) to dwell (in a body);archaic(of a baby,) to enter the womb
音読み
lodge

宿泊する

しゅくはくするslightly formalto lodge; to stay (at a hotel, lodge, etc.) (泊 381)
1  民宿みんしゅくtourist home (private home providing lodging for travelers)
*合宿がっしゅくlodging together for training
新宿しんじゅくproper nameShinjuku (place name in Tokyo)
原宿はらじゅくproper nameHarajuku (place name in Tokyo)
stay with a host
宿主しゅくしゅbiology(parasitic) host
preexist

宿題

しゅくだいassignment; homework (assignment) (< originally, "assignment given beforehand"
1  宿命しゅくめいslightly formaldestiny; fate (< destiny that results from the previous life

323

()

レン

{glossed silk};

refine

; knead; parading
练;搋;炼;结队游行練;搋;煉;結隊遊行
익힐[련]([연]);{연사(練絲)};잘 단련하다;다듬다;반죽하다;누비고 다니다
 訓読み
refine; knead

練る

ねるto knead; to polish (such as a plan)
音読み
refine

練習

れんしゅうpractice; exercise

練習する

れんしゅうするto practice; to excercise oneself
訓練くんれんslightly formaltraining
knead
練炭れんたんcoal briquette

324

シツ

シチ

、チ
substance; unadorned; quality;

inquire

; pawn
质;问質;問바탕[질];바탕;검소한;질;묻다;전당
音読み
substance
物質ぶっしつformalsubstance; matter
1  本質ほんしつslightly formalessence; nature (of a thing)
性質せいしつnature; property; character
*体質たいしつpredisposition (of the body); character [culture] (of an organization)
quality
しつquality
1  品質ひんしつslightly formalquality
inquire

質問

しつもんquestion; query (a question to get an answer or some information)

質問する

しつもんするto ask a question
pawn
しちpawn; pawned article
1  

人質

ひとじちhostage

325

さず(ける)

、さず(かる)

ジュ

confer on

줄[수];(웃사람이 아랫사람에게) 주다
 訓読み
confer on
1  

授ける

さずけるformalto confer; to initiate
音読み
confer on

授業

じゅぎょうclass (hours); school (hours); (class) lesson

教授

きょうじゅacademicprofessor (the highest academic rank teacher in a college or university)
准教授じゅんきょうじゅacademicassociate professor
教授するきょうじゅするvery formalto instruct
授受表現じゅじゅひょうげんgrammarBenefactives; Giving and Receiving Expressions

326

わざ

ギョウ

、ゴウ

laborious operation

; business; occupation; work; karma; <industry>
业;工作;行为業;工作;行為업[업];힘든 일;장사;직업;업;작업;일
 訓読み
work
わざformal and archaicact cf. ""(わざ) skill
音読み
laborious operation
作業さぎょうslightly formalwork (by a set process); oparation

授業

じゅぎょうclass (hours); school (hours); (class) lesson
授業料じゅぎょうりょうschool fees; tuition (fees)

卒業する

そつぎょうするto graduate; to finish (school) (卒 484)
business
職業しょくぎょうslightly formaloccupation; profession; vocation; job
営業えいぎょうslightly formalbusiness (especially with customer service such as shop or hotel); sales (sales work or department in a company)
*営業中えいぎょうちゅうwritten wordOPEN (sign in a shop or restaurant entrance)
産業さんぎょうslightly formalindustry (as general economic activities)
企業きぎょう 《slightly formal(business) enterprise; company [corporation, firm] (as an organizational entity)
1  業者ぎょうしゃcontractor; subcontractor; supplier (company); dealer (company); vendor (company); distributor (company); manufacturer; fellow trader
occupation
ぎょうvery formaloccupation
~業~ぎょうsuffixoccupation (suffix for classifying industry)
‖ 飲食業いんしょくぎょうrestaurant industry; restaurant business; catering industry
‖ サービス業さーびすぎょうservice industry
work
*

残業

ざんぎょうovertime work; working overtime (残 531)
*

残業する

ざんぎょうするto work overtime
karma
ごうBuddhismkarma (actions to bring reward or retribution in the future, in particular, actions committed in a previous life); deed; misdeed
自業自得じごうじとくslightly formalwell-earned punishment
<abbreviation of "産業">
工業こうぎょう(manufacturing) industry
商業しょうぎょうformalcommerce; business (for-profit business in general)

327

ため(す)

こころ(みる)

try

; <examination>
시험할[시];해 보다;시험하다;<시험>
 訓読み
try

試す

ためすto try (the skill, method, effect); to test
1  

試みる

こころみるformalto try; to attempt
音読み
try
*試食ししょくslightly formalfood sampling; food tasting
*試着するしちゃくするslightly formalto try on (clothes) (着 356)

試験

しけんexamination; test
入学試験にゅうがくしけんentrance examination (for school); admission test
<abbreviation of "試験">

入試

にゅうしentrance examination (for school); admission test (< "入学試験"(にゅうがくしけん))
(phonetic equivalent)

試合

しあいgame; match

328

ケン

、ゲン

test

; efficacy; omen
验;兆头驗;兆頭시험[험];시험하다;징험;조짐
音読み
test

試験

しけんexamination; test
経験けいけんexperience (経 475)
受験するじゅけんする 《slightly formaltake an examination (for entering school, employment, qualification)
実験じっけんexperiment (実 330)
体験たいけんslightly formal(actual) experience
efficacy
治験ちけんformalclinical trial (←"efficacy of treatment"
efficacy; omen
げんslightly archaicomen; effect (of incantations and prayers)

329

う(ける)

う(かる)

ジュ

receive

; accept; take (an examination)
受;接到;应(考)受;接到;應(考)받을[수];받다
 訓読み
receive; accept; take (an examination)

受ける

うけるvt.to receive; to catch; to take (an exam, a test, lessons); to undergo (a medical examination [an operation]); to accept (a challenge); to suffer
receive
受け取るうけとるto receive; to get
1  

受け身(受身)

うけみpassiveness; passive [defensive] attitude;grammarpassive voice (身 564)
受身形うけみけいgrammarpassive form
receive; accept
1  受け付けるうけつけるto accept; to receive (an application) (付 344)

受付

うけつけreception [front, information] desk; receptionist
引き受けるひきうけるto take on [undertake] (a task, a job, a mission, etc.); to accept (an offer, a job, a responsibility, a position, etc.); to stand surety (for someone)
accept
1  受け入れるうけいれるto accept (a request, a proposal, foreign cultures, etc.); to admit (overseas student, someone to an organization, etc.)
take (an examination)
1  

受かる

うかるvi.to pass (in the examination)
音読み
receive
*

受信する

じゅしんするslightly formalto receive a message [an email] (信 420)
*送受信そうじゅしんslightly formalsend and receive
*受賞するじゅしょうするformalto receive [win] a prize
receive; accept
受理するじゅりするformalto receive [accept] (an application, a petition, a lawsuit, etc.)
take (an examination)

受験する

じゅけんするslightly formaltake an examination (for entering school, employment, qualification)
受験票じゅけんひょうadmission ticket for an examination

330

みの(る)

ジツ

{be filled}; substance;

actual

; sincerity; related by blood;

fruit

实;(骨肉)亲實;(骨肉)親열매[실];{빽빽하다};알맹이;실제의;참되다;친- (혈연관계 있는);열매
 訓読み
substance; fruit

fruit; substance
fruit

実る

みのるslightly formalto bear fruit
音読み
substance
1  充実したじゅうじつしたadjective equivalentfull [fulfilling] (days, life, facilities, service, etc.); satisfying (充= filled
actual

実は

じつはActually, ...; The truth is ...
*実にじつにslightly formalindeed; really; truly

事実

じじつfact
1  

真実

しんじつslightly formaltruth
現実げんじつslightly formalreality; actuality (現 425)
実現じつげんするslightly formalto be realized; to come true
実際にじっさいにactually
実行するじっこうするslightly formalto practice; to carry out; to run (computer program)

実験

じっけんexperiment
実施するじっしするformal and objectiveto put into practice [in execution]
実力じつりょくreal ability; (use of) force
確実なかくじつなslightly formalcertain; sure
sincerity
1  誠実なせいじつなslightly formalsincere; honest
related by blood
実のじつのslightly formalbiological; by bood e.g., 実の兄 brother by blood =《formal》実兄(じっけい)) cf. "義理の兄"(ぎりのあに) brother-in-law =《formal"義兄"(ぎけい))
1  実家じっかone's parents' home
fruit
果実かじつformal(edible juicy and sweet) fruit

331

in advance

; delay; anticipated health condition
预;延时預;延時미리[예];미리;지연되다;예상되는 건강 상태
音読み
in advance

予習

よしゅうpreparation (for class)

予定

よていplan; program; schedule (定 357)
*予定表よていひょうprogram; schedule; timetable

予約

よやくreservation; booking; advance order; appointment (of consultation) (約 364)
*予約席よやくせきseat (already) reserved; reserved table; Reserved (sign on a restaurant table)

天気予報

てんきよほうweather forecast (報 492)
予算よさんslightly formalbudget; required amount of money
*予選よせんelimination [qualifying, preliminary] round [contest, heat]
delay
猶予ゆうよformalpostponement; delay; hesitation;legalsuspension (of a sentence)
anticipated health condition
予後よごmedicalprognosis

332

フク

return to

; revenge; repeat
회복할[복]/다시[부];돌아가다;돌아오다;회복하다;복수하다;되풀이하다
音読み
return to

往復

おうふくround-trip (往= go
回復するかいふくするslightly formalto recover
*復帰ふっきslightly formalreturn (to the previous state, job, position, etc.)
1  復活ふっかつrevival
revenge
復讐ふくしゅうrevenge (with a grudge)
repeat

復習

ふくしゅうreview (of learned material)
総復習そうふくしゅうtotal review

333

ハツ

ホツ

shoot; start; give off; utter; emerge;

bring out

; grow; repel; lively; brew
发;弹;泼發;彈;潑필[발];쏘다;내다;자라다;튀다;활기찬;양조하다
音読み
shoot
発射するはっしゃするslightly formalto shoot (a bullet); to launch (a rocket)
shoot; start
~発~はつdeparting from [at (time)]; (counter for gunshots, bullets, punches, etc.)
start

出発する

しゅっぱつするslightly formalto depart; to start; to leave
1  始発しはつthe first train [bus, plane, etc.] (of the day) (始 345)
give off; utter; emerge
*発するはっするformalto emit [give off] (light, fire, smoke, voice, a smell, etc.); to utter (a word, a cry, etc.); to radiate (heat, light, etc.) ; to issue (orders, ordinances, etc.); to originate (in)
give off
発光するはっこうするformalto emit light
発電はつでんelectric power generation; electricity generation
爆発ばくはつexplosion; burst; eruption
utter

発音

はつおんpronunciation
1  発言するはつげんするslightly formalto say (something); to speak; to make remarks
emerge
1  発生するはっせいするformalto occer; to break out; to rise

発明する

はつめいするto invent

発見する

はっけんするslightly formalto discover; to find
1  

開発する

かいはつするslightly formalto develop (new product, system, land, potential, etc.); to exploit (natural resources) (開 342)
1  発作ほっさfit (of illness); attack (of illness)
1  発足するほっそくするformal(of an organization,) to start
bring out
発売するはつばいするslightly formalto put [go] on sale; to release (for sale)

発表

はっぴょうannouncement; publication; presentation
発行はっこうformalpublication (of a newspaper, magazine, book, etc.); issue (of certificates, receipts, banknotes, etc.)
grow
発達するはったつするto develop; to grow
repel (substitution kanji of "")
1  反発するはんぱつするto rebound; to react against; to rebel against; to oppose; to resist; to repel; (of the stock market,) to rally
lively (substitution kanji of "")
1  活発なかっぱつなactive (motion); lively (action); brisky
brew (substitution kanji of "")
発酵するはっこうするferment

334

おもて

あらわ(れる)

あらわ(す)

ヒョウ

surface

; front; outside; appear (on the surface);

express

; announce; table; document
表;正面;屋外表;正面;屋外겉[표];겉;나타내다;세상에 알리다;표
 訓読み
surface; front; outside

おもてsurface; face; front; obverse; outside
appear (on the surface); express
*

表れる

あらわれるslightly formalvi.to be expressed; to come to the surface
*表れあらわれslightly formalexpression; sign
express

表す

あらわすslightly formalvt.to express; to show; to signify; to stand for
音読み
surface
表面ひょうめんsurface; top (面 457)
front
表紙ひょうし(front) cover (of a book)
outside
意表いひょうslightly formalsomething unexpected; surprise
express (←"the act of going [coming] out"
表情ひょうじょうslightly formal(facial) expression (情 491)
表現ひょうげんslightly formalexpression; presentation (現 425)

発表

はっぴょうannouncement; publication; presentation
公表するこうひょうするslightly formalto announce officially; to make public; to disclose; to publish (officially); to release (an information)
代表だいひょうrepresentative; representation; delegate; deputation
*表明するひょうめいするformalto express; to declare
announce
表彰ひょうしょうaward; commendation; publicly acknowledging (someone's contribution)
table

ひょうtable; list
図表ずひょうslightly formalchart; graph; diagram
1  時刻表じこくひょうtimetable (of public transport) (刻= carve; pont of time
*

予定表

よていひょうschedule; program; timetable (定 357)
document (← originally, "a report to the throne"
*辞表じひょうletter of resignation





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