日本語学習者のための漢字634 語彙リスト詳細版
語彙リスト詳細版凡例
第26課
410
覚
ⓐ perceive; ⓑ awake; ⓒ memorize
; ⓓ favor
/觉;记;器重/覺;記;器重/깨달을[각];깨닫다;깨다;기억하다;총애
訓読み
ⓐ perceive; ⓒ memorize
↓覚える
おぼえる to memorize; to learn;《formal and slightly archaic》to feel
ⓑ awake
覚める
さめる ⦅vi.⦆ to wake; to waken; to sober up
覚ます
さます ⦅vt.⦆ to wake up; to awake; to sober up
目覚まし めざまし 《informal》alarm clock (< an abbreviation of "目覚まし時計")
* 目覚まし時計
めざましどけい alarm clock
ⓒ memorize
↑覚えている おぼえている to remember
1 ↓覚え おぼえ memorizing; memory; experience; self-confidence
ⓓ favor
‡↑覚え おぼえ 《slightly archaic》one's superior's favor
音読み
ⓐ perceive
感覚
かんかく sense; sensation; feeling
1 味覚 みかく 《slightly archaic》(sense of) taste
1 自覚 じかく 《slightly archaic》consciousness (as a member of a particular social group); awarenes
ⓑ awake
‡ 覚醒 かくせい 《formal》awakening
411
忘
ⓐ forget
; ⓑ leave carelessly
/忘;遗忘/忘;遺忘/잊을[망];잊다;놓고 오다
訓読み
ⓐ forget; ⓑ leave carelessly
忘れる
わすれる to forget; to leave carelessly
1 度忘れ どわすれ lapse [slip] of memory
ⓑ leave carelessly
忘れ物
わすれもの things left behind; lost property; leaving something behind
音読み
ⓐ forget
* 忘年会
ぼうねんかい year-end party
412
捨
/舍;弃;布施/捨;棄;布施/버릴[사];버리다;기부하다
訓読み
ⓐ discard
捨てる
すてる to discard; to throw [cast] away
* 見捨てる みすてる to desert; to abandon; to walk out on
* 使い捨て
つかいすて single-use; one-time-use; disposable
* 投げ捨てる なげすてる to throw away
‡ 切り捨て きりすて fractions omitted; rounding down
音読み
ⓐ discard
四捨五入
ししゃごにゅう rounding off (the number)
ⓑ almsgiving
‡ 喜捨 きしゃ 《Buddhism or Islam》alms; almsgiving; zakat
413
拾
/拾;捡/拾;撿/주을[습];줍다;십
訓読み
ⓐ pick up
音読み
ⓐ pick up
‡ 収拾する
しゅうしゅうする 《slightly formal》to save [settle] (the situation); to get something under control (収 ➦428)〕
ⓑ ten (alternative kanji used for numbers especially in financial contexts)
‡ 拾 じゅう 《formal》ten (used for writing figures in legal and financial documents with Chinese numerals)
‖ 拾万円 じゅうまんえん 《formal》100,000 yen
414
選
ⓐ choose
; ⓑ select
; ⓒ elect; ○<election>
/选/選/가릴[선];고르다;가리다;뽑다;<선거>
訓読み
ⓐ choose; ⓑ select; ⓒ elect
選ぶ
えらぶ to choose; to select; to elect
音読み
ⓐ choose; ⓑ select
選択
せんたく 《slightly formal》choice; selection; option (択= select)
ⓐ choose
‡↓当選 とうせん 《slightly formal》winning a lottery
ⓑ select
選手
せんしゅ player; representative player; athlete
‡ 入選 にゅうせん being accepted (for a prize, exhibition, etc.); winning a prize
‡↓落選 らくせん 《slightly formal》not being accepted (for a prize, exhibition, etc.); rejection
ⓒ elect
選挙
せんきょ election (挙= nominate)
○<abbreviation of "選挙">
1 ↑当選 とうせん being elected
‡↑落選 らくせん election defeat; failure in election
‡ 市長選 しちょうせん mayoral election
415
返
ⓐ return
; ⓑ turn back; ⓒ reply; ⓓ extremely
/返;还;回;翻;极端/返;還;回;翻;極端
/돌이킬[반];되돌아가다;돌려주다;갚다;대답하다;돌이키다;방향을 바꾸다;극도로
訓読み
ⓐ return; ⓒ reply
返る
かえる ⦅vi.⦆ to return; to come [go] back
返す
かえす ⦅vt.⦆ to return; to pay [give, put] back
ⓐ return
繰り返す
くりかえす to repeat (繰= do repeatedly)
‡ はね返る はねかえる to rebound
ⓑ turn back
1 振り返る ふりかえる to look back (at something); to turn around; to look back (on)
ひっくり返る ひっくりかえる to be overturned; to tip over
裏返す うらがえす to turn (something) over; to turn (something) inside out
ⓓ extremely(V(masu-stem)+返る)
‡ 静まり返る しずまりかえる 《slightly formal》to fall into silence; to fall completely silent
‡ 沸き返る わきかえる 《slightly formal》to be in uproar; to be highly excited
‡ あきれ返る あきれかえる 《slightly formal》to be utterly amazed; to be stunned
音読み
ⓐ return
1 返却する へんきゃくする 《formal》to return (borrowed things, documents for submission, etc.)
返金 へんきん 《slightly formal》refund
返品する へんぴんする 《slightly formal》to return goods
ⓒ reply
1 返答 へんとう 《formal》response; answer; reply
* 返信 へんしん 《slightly formal》reply [response, answer] via mail or email
416
呼
ⓐ breathe out; ⓑ call
; ⓒ yell; ⓓ induce
/呼;叫;引起/呼;叫;引起/부를[호];숨을 내쉬다;부르다;외치다;유발하다
訓読み
ⓑ call; ⓓ induce
呼ぶ
よぶ to call; to induce; to cause (controversy, interest)
ⓑ call
* 呼び名 よびな name to call
* 呼び捨て よびすて overfamiliar act of calling a person by name without any honorific title such as "san"
ⓓ induce
‡ 呼び起こす よびおこす 《slightly formal》to arouse; to bring back
‡ 呼び水 よびみず pump-priming; stimulus
音読み
ⓐ breathe out
‡ 呼気 こき 《formal》exhaled breath
呼吸
こきゅう 《slightly formal》breathing; respiration
* 深呼吸 しんこきゅう deep breathing (深= deep)
ⓑ call
‡ 呼称 こしょう 《formal》naming; name; designation
ⓑ call; ⓒ yell
‡ 連呼する れんこする 《formal》to call [shout] repeatedly
ⓒ yell
‡ 歓呼 かんこ 《formal》cheer; shout for joy; acclamation
417
迎
ⓐ welcome
; ⓑ go to see someone to bring him/her; ⓒ flatter
/迎/迎/맞을[영];맞다;마중하다;아첨하다
訓読み
ⓐ welcome
迎える
むかえる to welcome; to greet; to treat a person who came
ⓑ go to see someone to bring him/her
出迎える でむかえる to go [come] out and meet (a person who came)
* 送り迎えする
おくりむかえする to take (someone) to and from (somewhere)
音読み
ⓐ welcome
歓迎する
かんげいする to welcome (歓= be joyous)
‡ 歓送迎会 かんそうげいかい farewell and welcome party
ⓑ go to see someone to bring him/her
* 送迎する
そうげいする 《formal》to pick up and drop off; to welcome and send off
* 送迎バス そうげいばす pick-up bus; courtesy bus
ⓒ flatter
‡ 迎合する げいごうする 《formal》to cater to someone's wishes [feelings]
418
遊
ⓐ move around; ⓑ go elsewhere; ⓒ amuse oneself
; ⓓ keep company; ⓔ be idle; ⓕ swim; ⓖ(honorific) do
/游;玩;闲;做(尊敬语)/遊;玩;閒;游;做(尊敬語)/놀[유];놀다;사귀다;헤엄치다;하시다
訓読み
ⓑ go elsewhere; ⓒ amuse oneself
↓遊ぶ
あそぶ to play; to amuse oneself
‡ 《formal and archaic》to visit (to release oneself from daily life and to place oneself in another world)
ⓒ amuse oneself; ⓔ be idle
遊び
あそび play; amusement; mechanical play
ⓔ be idle
‡↑遊んでいる あそんでいる idle; unused (money, land, machine, labor force, etc.)
ⓖ(honorific) do
‡ 遊ばす あそばす 《archaic and honorific》to do
音読み
ⓐ move around
‡ 遊覧船 ゆうらんせん sightseeing tour boat
‡ 遊撃手 ゆうげきしゅ 《baseball》shortstop
ⓑ go elsewhere
‡ 遊説 ゆうぜい 《formal》(politician's) canvass; canvassing tour
‡ 外遊 がいゆう 《formal》official foreign travel (especially by a minister)
‡ 遊学 ゆうがく 《archaic》studying in a place far from one's hometown
ⓒ amuse oneself
1 遊園地
ゆうえんち amusement park
ⓓ keep company
‡ 交遊 こうゆう 《formal》companionship
ⓔ be idle
‡ 遊民 ゆうみん 《very formal》idler
ⓕ swim
‡ 遊泳 ゆうえい 《formal》swimming
‖ 宇宙遊泳 うちゅうゆうえい spacewalk (宇宙=(outer) space)
○<abbreviation of "遊撃手">
‡ 三遊間 さんゆうかん 《baseball》between third base and the shortstop
419
伝
ⓐ transmit
; ⓑ record of one's life; ⓒ go along; ⓓ commentary on the classic texts
/传;沿;帮助/傳;沿;幇助/전할[전];전하다;전해지다;생애의 기록;타다;돕다;경서의 주해
訓読み
ⓐ transmit
伝わる
つたわる ⦅vi.⦆ to be transmitted; to be conveyed; to be handed down; to be introduced
伝える
つたえる ⦅vt.⦆ to transmit; to tell (someone that ...); to let someone know; to communicate; to convey; to introduce
‡ 言い伝え いいつたえ 《slightly archaic》(verbal) tradition; legend
ⓒ go along
‡ 伝う つたう 《slightly archaic》to go along
音読み
ⓐ transmit
‡ 伝聞 でんぶん 《formal or grammar》hearsay
宣伝 せんでん advertisement; publicity; propaganda
1 伝説 でんせつ 《slightly formal》legend; (verbal) tradition
伝統 でんとう tradition (統= something passed down)
* 伝統的な
でんとうてきな traditional (的 ➦503)
ⓑ record of one's life
伝記 でんき biography
‡ 自伝 じでん 《formal》autobiography
ⓓ commentary on the classic texts
古事記伝 こじきでん 《proper name of a book》"Kojiki-den" (a commentary on the Kojiki, an eighth-century work of Shintō historiography and mythology, by the Edo period kokugaku scholar Motoori Norinaga in the late 18th century.)
特別な読み
ⓒ go along
手伝う
てつだう to help (someone with something); to assist (someone in doing); to contribute to
手伝い てつだい help; assistance
420
信
ⓐ believe
; ⓑ sincere; ⓒ message
/信/信/믿을[신];믿다;거짓없는;통신;정보
音読み
ⓐ believe
信じる
しんじる to believe; to trust
信ずる しんずる 《formal and archaic》to believe; to trust
信用する
しんようする to trust; to put (one's) trust [faith] in; to rely on; to give credit to
信頼する しんらいする 《slightly formal》to rely (on); to trust (in)
* 不信 ふしん 《slightly formal》distrust; mistrust
信仰 しんこう 《slightly formal》(religious) faith [belief]
ⓑ sincere
‡ 信義 しんぎ 《formal》faith; loyalty
ⓒ message
通信 つうしん 《slightly formal》correspondence; communication; message
* 送信 そうしん 《slightly formal》transmission (of a message); sending email
* 受信 じゅしん 《slightly formal》reception (of a message); receiving email
‡ 着信 ちゃくしん 《slightly formal》receiving a call [an email]
* 返信
へんしん 《slightly formal》reply [response, answer] via mail or email
信号
しんごう traffic light; signal
○<abbreviation of "信用">
‡ 信組 しんくみ credit union (< "信用組合"(しんようくみあい))
421
頼
ⓐ rely on; ⓑ ask a favor of
/赖;依靠;可靠;请求/賴;依靠;可靠;請求/의지할[뢰]([뇌]);의지하다;믿음직하다;부탁하다
訓読み
ⓐ rely on
頼もしい たのもしい dependable; reliable; promising
ⓑ ask a favor of
頼む
たのむ to ask (a favor of); to request; to order (something from a shop)
頼み たのみ〈flat accent〉 《slightly archaic》request
〈head-high accent〉 reliance
音読み
ⓐ rely on
信頼する
しんらいする 《slightly formal》to rely (on); to trust (in)
ⓑ ask a favor of
依頼 いらい 《formal》request; commission; dependence
422
取
ⓐ take
; ⓑ pick; ⓒ get; ⓓ catch; ⓔ keep; ⓕ to hand; ⓖ remove; ⓗ manage; ⓘ have (a sumō bout)
/取;上(年纪);打(相扑)/取;上(年紀);打(相撲)
/취할[취];잡다;손에 들다;벗다;떨어지다;취하다;해석하다;걸리다;차지하다;(리듬을) 맞추다;(밸런스를) 유지하다;건네주다;(나이를) 먹다;따다;빼다;(씨름을) 하다
訓読み
ⓐ take; ⓑ pick; ⓒ get; ⓓ catch; ⓔ keep; ⓕ to hand; ⓖ remove; ⓘ have (a sumō bout)
取る
とる ⦅vt.⦆ to take; to get; to keep (rhythm, balance); to hand; to remove; to interpret; to have (a sumō bout)
ⓐ take
取れる
とれる ⦅vi.⦆ to come off; to be taken off; to be got; to be interpreted
書き取り かきとり dictation; writing (kanji text from hiragana)
聞き取り ききとり listening (comprehension); gathering information
受け取る
うけとる to get; to accept; to receive; to interpret
やり取り やりとり giving and taking; (interactive) communication; exchange; discussion
取り替える
とりかえる «also written as "取り換える"» to replace; to exchange (替 ➦439)
間取り まどり arrangement of rooms in a house; room layout
ⓐ take; ⓑ pick
取り扱う とりあつかう to handle; to deal with
‡ 取り入れ とりいれ harvesting; taking in
取り出す とりだす to take out; to pick out; to extract
ⓑ pick
取り組む とりくむ to tackle [grapple with] (a task, a problem); to work on
‡↓取り組み とりくみ commitment; dealing with; effort
取り消す とりけす to cancel (a reservation, an order, etc.); to withdraw (an offer, a statement, a promise, etc.)
1 取り調べ とりしらべ (police) investigation [interrogation]
‡ 取れ立て とれたて freshly harvested
1 日取り ひどり date fixed upon
ⓓ catch
‡ ねずみ取り ねずみとり mousetrap;《informal》speed trap
ⓗ manage (←"to take charge")
‡ 頭取 とうどり 《formal》president (of a bank)
ⓘ have (a sumō bout)
‡↑取組 とりくみ bout (of sumō)
音読み
ⓐ take
1 取材
しゅざい collecting data (for an article); (reporter's) interview (材= timber; material)
423
置
ⓐ to place
; ⓑ establish; ⓒ leave; ⓓ proper steps; ⓔ repeated regularly
/置;搁;放;每隔/置;擱;放;每隔/둘[치];놓다;두다;적당한 처치;걸러
訓読み
ⓐ to place; ⓑ establish
置く
おく to place; to put; to set; to establish
* 置き場 おきば place (to put something)
‖ 荷物置き場
にもつおきば place to store luggage
ⓒ leave
‡ 置き土産 おきみやげ parting present [gift]
‡ 置き忘れる おきわすれる to leave (something behind)
ⓔ repeated regularly (←"do it again after leaving temporally or spacially")
‡ ~置きに ~おきに «generally written in hiragana» repeated at intervals
‖ 1行置きに いちぎょうおきに «"置", generally written in hiragana» every other line
‖ 5分置きに ごふんおきに «"置", generally written in hiragana» every five minutes
‖ 100m置きに ひゃくめーとるおきに «"置", generally written in hiragana» every 100 meters; at intervals of 100 meters
音読み
ⓐ to place
位置
いち 《slightly formal》position; location; place
1 配置 はいち 《formal》arrangement; placement; deployment
装置 そうち device; system
ⓐ to place; ⓑ establish
1 設置 せっち 《formal》installation (of a machine or an equipment); establishment (of an institution or an equipment as a part of organization or facilities for a certain purpose) (設 ➦605)
ⓒ leave
1 放置する ほうちする 《slightly formal》to leave (something as it is, something untouched, something unattended); to be in a state of neglect
ⓓ proper steps
1 処置 しょち 《slightly formal》treatment; measure
1 措置 そち 《formal》(take a) step; (take) measures
424
換
/换/換/바꿀[환];바꾸다
訓読み
◎ exchange
換える
かえる ⦅vt.⦆ to change (one thing with another); to exchange; to interchange
* 置き換える おきかえる to replace
乗り換える
のりかえる to transfer (trains); to change (bus, train, plane)
* 言い換える
いいかえる (= 言い替える)to paraphrase; to rephrase
* 書き換える
かきかえる (= 書き替える)to rewrite
取り換える とりかえる (= 取り替える)to replace; to exchange
* 換わる かわる ⦅vi.⦆ to be exchanged
音読み
◎ exchange
交換する
こうかんする to exchange; to interchange (交 ➦460)
* 換金 かんきん 《formal》conversion (goods) into money; cashing
換気
かんき 《slightly formal》ventilation
1 転換 てんかん 《formal》change (of policy, in thinking, of pace [mood], etc.); shift (of policy, of direction etc.); switch (from ... to)
* 変換 へんかん 《slightly formal》conversion;《mathematics》transformation