Home

日本語学習者のための漢字634 語彙リスト詳細版
語彙リスト詳細版凡例

第27課
425

あらわ(れる)

あらわ(す)

ゲン

appear

;

actual

; present
나타날[현];나타나다;실제의;현재의
 訓読み
appear

現れる

あらわれるslightly formalvi.to appear; to come in sight

現す

あらわすformalvt.to appear; to show (oneself)
音読み
appear
1  出現するしゅつげんするformalto appear; to emerge; to come into existence

表現

ひょうげんslightly formalexpression; presentation
‖ 会話表現かいわひょうげんformalconversational expression
‖ 文章表現ぶんしょうひょうげんformalwritten expression; expression in writing
実現するじつげんするslightly formalto be realized; to come true
actual
現実げんじつslightly formalreality; actuality
現場げんばscene of (a crime, an accident); job site; the place where the work is actually done
現場げんじょうpolice and fire terminologyscene of (a crime, an accident)

現金

げんきんcash
1  現地げんちslightly formalthe site; the scene; the spot; there
present

現在

げんざいslightly formalpresent time; at the moment (在= exist
*現在地げんざいちslightly formalcurrent location
現代げんだいslightly formalpresent day;historicalcontemporary period (現 513)
*現住所げんじゅうしょformalpresent address
*現役げんえきactive service [duty]; player on the active list; student taking university entrance exams while still enrolled in school

426

はら(う)

フツ
sweep away; completely;

pay

拂;扫;加以(注意等);全;支付拂;掃;加以(注意等);全;支付
떨[불];떨다;(주의를) 기울이다;완전히;지불하다
 訓読み
sweep away; pay

払う

はらうto sweap away; to pay (money, attention, respects, etc.)
completely(V(masu-stem)+払う)
売り払ううりはらうto sell off
落ち着き払うおちつきはらうto stay quite unruffled; to stay calm
酔っ払いよっぱらいinformaldrunken person; drunkard (酔= to get drunk
pay
支払うしはらうslightly formalto pay (money)
支払いしはらいslightly formalpayment
払い込むはらいこむto pay in
音読み
sweep away
払拭するふっしょくするformalto sweep away (the anxiety, the negative image, the fixed idea, etc.)

427

ささ(える)

branch

; earthly branch; disperse; allocate; disburse; support; get stuck
支;阻碍支;阻礙지탱할[지];가지;지지;흩어지다;가르다;지불하다;지탱하다;막히다
 訓読み
support

支える

ささえるto support; to prop
音読み
branch

支店

してんbranch store
*

支社

ししゃbranch office
earthly branch
十二支じゅうにしthe twelve signs of the Chinese zodiac
disperse
支離滅裂なしりめつれつなincoherent
allocate (←"divide into pieces"
支配するしはいするslightly formalto rule; to govern; to dominate; to control (←"to direct" "to distribute the work"
支度したくslightly archaicpreparation (used for daily or personal things) (← original meaning is "estimate"
disburse

支払う

しはらうslightly formalto pay (money) (← Originally, "" is derived from a phonetic equivalent of the stem of masu-form of "する" (do)
支払いしはらいslightly formalpayment

支出

ししゅつslightly formalexpenditure; outgoing
1  収支しゅうしformalincome [revenue] and expenditure; balance of payments
support
1  支持するしじするslightly formalto support; to uphold
get stuck
1  支障ししょうslightly formalobstacle; trouble

428

おさ(める)

、おさ(まる)

シュウ

take in;

gain

; settle; confiscate
거둘[수];거두다;얻다;수습하다;몰수하다
 訓読み
take in; gain; settle

収める

おさめるvt.to make (a profit); to win [gain] (a victory); to settle (into a suitable place); to settle (a dispute, a rebellion, etc.)
settle
1  収まるおさまるvi.(of something,) to go (in [into, on] a suitable place); to settle (into a suitable place); (of something of disorder or turbulence such as storms, pain, anger, disturbance, etc.,) to calm down
音読み
take in

吸収する

きゅうしゅうするslightly formalto absorb
gain
1  収集するしゅうしゅうするslightly formalto collect
1  回収するかいしゅうするslightly formalto collect (waste materials, payment, debts, something that once belonged to oneself); to recall (a defective product)

収入

しゅうにゅうincome
1  収支しゅうしformalincome [revenue] and expenditure; balance of payments
*

領収書

りょうしゅうしょ(formal) receipt (領= receive
*年収ねんしゅうannual income [salary]
settle
1  収拾するしゅうしゅうするslightly formalto save [settle] (the situation); to get (something) under control

429

ひたい

ガク

forehead; picture frame;

amount of money

额;画框額;畫框이마[액];이마;액;금액
 訓読み
forehead

ひたいforehead
音読み
picture frame; amount of money

がくhead-high accent(=金額(きんがく))amount of money; sum
     flat accent(=額縁(がくぶち))picture frame
amount of money

金額

きんがくamount of money; sum
*税額ぜいがくformalamount of tax

430

あたい

price

; value
값[가];값
 訓読み
price
あたいarchaicprice
value
1  価するあたいするformalto be worth
音読み
price

物価

ぶっかslightly formalprices of commodities; general price level
価格かかくformalprice
*税込み価格(税込価格)ぜいこみかかくprice including tax (込 436)
税別価格ぜいべつかかくprice excluding [without] tax (別 454)
安価なあんかなformallow-priced; inexpensive; cheap
value
価値かちvalue; worth
評価ひょうかevaluation; (good, bad, etc.) opinion; appraisal (評= evaluate

431

カク

、コウ
frame; lattice; essential qualities; distinction;

norm

; correct; allocated space; grapple; status; (grammatical) case; exactly
格;骼;分配的空间;恰格;骼;分配的空間;剛好
격식[격];뼈대;격자;본질적 성질;뛰어난 성질;표준;바로잡다;할당공간;맞붙어 싸우다;지위;(문법의) 격;바로
音読み
frame
体格たいかくphysique; build (of the human body)
骨格こっかくskeletal structure; frame; build; framework; skeleton
lattice
格子 こうし formal and slightly archaiclattice; grid
essential qualities (of a human)

性格

せいかくcharacter (of human, domestic animals, a matter); personality
1  人格じんかくslightly formalpersonality
distinction
品格ひんかくformaldignity
norm

合格

ごうかくslightly formalpass (in an examination or a test); success (in an examination)

合格する

ごうかくするslightly formalto pass (an exam); to get through (a test); to stand (the quality test)
*不合格ふごうかくslightly formalfailure (of an examination); rejection (of inspection)
1  失格しっかくslightly formaldisqualification
1  資格しかくqualification; (in one's) capacity (as ~) (資 594)
correct
厳格なげんかくなslightly formalstrict; rigorous; stern; rigid
格言かくげんformalproverb; saying; maxim
allocated space
格納かくのうformalto store
grapple
格闘かくとうslightly formalstruggle; grapple;; tussle
status
1かく〈flat accentstatus; rank

価格

かかくformalprice
1  本格ほんかくformaloriginal method [procedure]
*本格的なほんかくてきなfull-blown; full-scale; full-fledged (level, function)
(grammatical) case
かく〈head-high accentgrammar(grammatical) case
格助詞かくじょしgrammarcase particle
exactly (substitution kanji of "")
格好かっこう «also written as "恰好appearance; look; form; posture; state; suitable

432

あたい

value;

price

값[치];값
 訓読み
value
1

あたいformalvalue; number value
1  値するあたいするformalto be worth(= 価する)
price
slightly archaicprice

値段

ねだんprice
*

値上がり

ねあがりrise in price
*値下がりねさがりfall in price
*

値上げ

ねあげraising the price
*値下げねさげprice reduction
1  

値引き

ねびきdiscount
音読み
price

価値

かちvalue; worth

433

ダン

step

; tier; one block of writing; level; grade; row; times table
段;时候;层;梯段;時候;層;梯층계[단];단;층;높낮이 차이가 있는 곳이나 것;때;이야기 토막;정도
音読み
step; tier; one block of writing; level; grade
だんstep (of the stairs, a ladder); step (as a phase); tier; shelf (of the bookshelf, cabinet, etc.); (at the) moment; grade
step

階段

かいだんstairs; steps
段階だんかいstage; phase; step
*一段落するいちだんらくするto be settled for the time being
手段しゅだんslightly formalmeans; measure
tier
二段ベッドにだんべっどbunk bed
段々畑だんだんばたけterraced fields
段違い平行棒だんちがいへいこうぼうgymnasticsuneven bars
one block of writing (or speech)
*

段落

だんらくparagraph
前段ぜんだんvery formalthe preceding paragraph; foregoing part
三段論法さんだんろんぽうlogicsyllogism
level

値段

ねだんprice
grade (as senior rank of ranking system)
(number)~だん~ dan (degree of advanced proficiency in martial arts, go, shōgi, calligraphy, etc.); rank
初段しょだんthe first grade (of martial arts, go, shōgi, calligraphy, etc.); a first grade holder
row (of the Japanese syllabary table)
ア段あだんrow of syllables on the Japanese syllabary table that ends with the vowel sound "a"(a, ka, sa, ta, na, ha, ma, ya, ra, wa, ...)
times table
五の段ごのだんmultiplication table of 5; 5 times table

434

わ(れる)

わ(る)

わり

()

カツ

split; divide;

break

; cut; go out (of the line); fall below; dilute; ten percent; rate; use (some area)
割;分;除(法);打破(杯子,鸡蛋等);碎;挤开;越出;低于;对(水);-成;比率
/割;分;除(法);打破(杯子,雞蛋等);碎;擠開;越出;低於;對(水);-成;比率
나눌[할];쪼개다;나누다;깨다;깨지다;부수다;자르다;끼어들다;(범위의) 밖에 나가다;밑돌다;(물을) 타다;-할;비율;할애하다
 訓読み
split; divide; break; cut; go out (of the line); fall below; dilute

割れる

われるvi.to break; to crack; to divide; to split (potential form of "割る")

割る

わるvt.to break; to crack; to divide; to split; to cut; to dilute; to fall below (a level); to go out (of the line); to step over (the edge)
divide
1  割り当てわりあてallocation; allotment; assignment

時間割

じかんわり(weekly) school timetable; class schedule

役割

やくわり(assigned) role; assigning parts
割り算わりざんmathematicsdivision
cut; fall below
割り込むわりこむto cut in; to fall [drop] below
cut; use (some area)

割く

さくto cut open with force; to spare (time); to devote (space to)
dilute
水割りみずわりwatered-down drink; whiskey and water
ten percent
~(number)割~わり(unit of ten percent)
1割いちわり10%
2割引にわりびき20% discount
rate

割合

わりあいproportion; rate; ratio
*割り引くわりびくto discount

割引

わりびきdiscount
*学生割引がくせいわりびきstudent discount
*学割がくわりstudent discount (< an abbreviation of "学生割引"
*割り増しわりましadditional; extra
*割増料金わりましりょうきんextra charge (for midnight, high season, etc.)
音読み
divide
*

分割する

ぶんかつするslightly formalto divide (into), to partition
break
割愛するかつあいするformalto omit (←"to break off one's attachment"
cut
割烹かっぽうarchaicJapanese-style cooking [restaurant] (←"to cut meat and boil it"

435

ゼイ

tax

세금[세];조세
音読み
tax

ぜいformaltax
*消費税しょうひぜいconsumption tax
*税込み(価格)ぜいこみ(かかく)price including tax
税別(価格)ぜいべつ(かかく)price excluding [without] tax
税抜き(価格)ぜいぬき(かかく)price excluding [without] tax
税関ぜいかんcustoms; custom house
1  関税かんぜいcustoms; customs duty; tariff
免税品めんぜいひんduty-free goods

税金

ぜいきんtax

課税する

かぜいするformalto tax

436

こ(む)

、こ(める)

move inward

; thoroughly; continue the state; include;

be crowded

; be mingled; spread within a certain range
-进去;彻底;状态继续;在内;拥挤;搀杂;笼罩;充满-進去;徹底;狀態繼續;在內;擁擠;攙雜;籠罩;充滿
담을[입];들어가다;철저히;상태가 계속되다;포함해서;붐비다;가득하다
 訓読み
move inward; include
込めるこめるto load (a gun); to put (one's heart, one's wish, one's power, etc.) into
move inward(V(masu-stem)+込む, adding the meaning 'go into' or 'put into'
1  乗り込むのりこむto get on board of (trains, buses, ships, aircraft, etc.); to get into (a car)
*

持ち込む

もちこむto bring [carry] in; to take (something into ...)
1  飲み込むのみこむto swallow; to catch on to (the job, the skill, etc.)
割り込むわりこむto cut in; to fall [drop] below

申し込む

もうしこむto apply for; to make a proposal
1  申し込みもうしこみapplication
thoroughly(V(masu-stem)+込む)

落ち込む

おちこむto fall in; to cave in; to sink; to get depressed; to feel down; to decrease
1  煮込むにこむto boil well; to stew; to simmer
*冷え込むひえこむto get colder
continue the state(V(masu-stem)+込む)

思い込む

おもいこむto be under the impression
*思い込みおもいこみsubjective impression
考え込むかんがえこむbe lost in thought; to be deep in thought; to brood over
include
*

税込み(税込)

ぜいこみincluding tax; tax included (↔ "税別"(ぜいべつ),"税抜き"(ぜいぬき))

税込み価格(税込価格)

ぜいこみかかくprice including tax
be crowded

込む

こむ «also written as "混むto be crowded
be mingled
込むこむto be mingled
‖ 手の込んだてのこんだadjective phraseintricate (designs); elaborate (workmanship)
込み入ったこみいったadjective equivalentcomplicated; complex; intricate
spread within a certain range
立ち込めるたちこめるto envelope (of smoke, mist, smell, etc.)

437

ふくろ

タイ

bag

자루[대];자루
 訓読み
bag

ふくろbag; pouch
*

レジ袋

れじぶくろplastic shopping bag
ごみ袋ごみぶくろgarbage [trash] bag
*紙袋かみぶくろpaper bag
非常袋ひじょうぶくろemergency bag (非 507; 572)
のし袋のしぶくろenvelope for a gift of money

手袋

てぶくろglove; mitten
音読み
bag
風袋ふうたいbusinesstare; bag of goods (as a term for weighing)
特別な読み
bag
足袋たびtabi (traditional Japanese split-toed socks)

438

リョウ

both

; two; vehicle; counter for railway cars in a train; one of the monetary units of the Edo Period
两;双;辆;火车的节数;江户时代的一个货币单位
兩;雙;輛;火車的節數;江戶時代的一個貨幣單位
두[량]([양]);양쪽의;둘;차량;열차 차량을 세는 단위;에도 시대의 화폐단위 중의 하나
音読み
both

両方

りょうほうboth

両親

りょうしん(both) parents
*

両手

りょうてboth hands; both arms
two
一両日いちりょうじつformal and slightly archaica day or two
vehicle
*車両しゃりょうslightly formalcars; vehicle
counter for railway cars in a train
~両~りょう(counter for railway cars in a train)
one of the monetary units of the Edo Period
両替りょうがえmoney changing; money exchanging

439

か(える)

、か(わる)

タイ

replace

(one thing or person with another)
바꿀[체];갈다;바꾸다
 訓読み
replace (one thing or person with another)
替えるかえるto replace [change] (one thing with another of the same kind, a person with another)
(≒ 換える (かえる) to change (one thing with another); to exchange; to interchange

取り替える

とりかえる(= 取り換える)to replace; to exchange
*入れ替えるいれかえるto replace (only the contents)
*建て替えるたてかえるto rebuild (a building)
1  立て替えるたてかえるto pay temporarily (for someone, on someone's behalf)
1  切り替えるきりかえる(= 切り換える)to switch (something from A to B)
*買い替えるかいかえる(= 買い換える)to buy a replacement; to replace by buying (something new)
着替えきがえchanging clothes; change of clothes
着替えるきかえる/きがえるto change one's clothes

両替

りょうがえmoney changing; money exchanging
*振り替え(振替)ふりかえtransfering (of rail); (postal money) transfer
振替休日ふりかえきゅうじつsubstitute holiday
替え歌かえうたnew lyrics to a well known song; song parody
音読み
replace (one thing or person with another)

交替

こうたいshift (alternation or rotation); taking turns (交 460)
特別な読み
replace (one thing or person with another)

為替

かわせeconomicsmoney order; foreign exchange





トップへ