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日本語学習者のための漢字634 語彙リスト詳細版
語彙リスト詳細版凡例

第29課
455

はし

キョウ

bridge

다리[교];다리
 訓読み
bridge

はしbridge

日本橋

にほんばしproper nameNihonbashi (place name in Tokyo)

日本橋

にっぽんばしproper nameNipponbashi (place name in Osaka)

高橋さん)

たかはしさん)proper name(family name of Japanese)
音読み
bridge
鉄橋てっきょうrailway bridge

歩道橋

ほどうきょうpedestrian overpass

456

む(く)

む(ける)

む(かう)

む(こう)

コウ

turn toward

; suit for; to face; go toward; direction; the other side; coming; offer
向;适合;对面;往…去;那边;对方;从现在起向;適合;対面;往…去;那邊;對方;從現在起
향할[향];향하다;적합하다;마주하다;방향;건너;저쪽;상대편;앞으로;바치다;주다
 訓読み
turn toward; suit for

向く

むくvi.to turn one's head; to face (in a direction); to be suited for
~向き~むきfaced to (the direction - point of the compass); suitable for

向ける

むけるvt.to turn toward; to point toward; to aim at
~向け~むけfor (used to show a destination of goods or who is intended to use the thing)
turn toward
振り向くふりむくto turn around; to look back (at something)
*前向きまえむきfacing front; forward-looking; positive; constructive
*後ろ向きうしろむきback facing; turning one's back to; backward-looking
仕向けるしむけるto lead [induce] (someone to do);formalto send out (goods)
to face

向かい

むかいthe opposite side
‖ 向かいの家むかいのいえthe house opposite [across the street]
*向かい風むかいかぜheadwind
to face; go toward

向かう

むかうto go toward; to face
direction (in which someone or something is facing)
風向きかざむきdirection of the wind; wind direction; the situation
the other side

向こう

むこうthe other side; over there; yonder; opponent; the other party
*向こう側むこうがわthe other side; the opposite side
coming
向こう(+period of timeむこう~colloquial but formal(for) the coming ~
‖ 向こう2週間むこうにしゅうかんcolloquial but formalfor the coming two weeks
offer
手向けるたむけるslightly formalto offer (something, such as a flower, to a deity or someone's spirit);archaicto give (a farewell gift to a person who is parting or setting out on a journey)
音読み
turn toward
傾向けいこうtendency; trend; inclination
1  意向いこうformalintention; wish

意向形

いこうけいgrammarvolitional form
to face
*対向車たいこうしゃoncoming car
対向車線たいこうしゃせんopposite lane
direction (in which someone or something is facing)

方向

ほうこうdirection
1  風向ふうこうformaldirection of the wind; wind direction
offer
回向えこうBuddhismBuddhist memorial service, prayers for the repose of the soul

457

おも

、おもて、つら

メン

face;

surface

; aspect; area; mask; page (of a newspaper)
낯[면];낯;면
 訓読み
face
おもてarchaicface
つらrough spokenface

面白い

おもしろい «often written in hiragana» interesting; amusing; entertaining; funny (←"becoming light in front of one's face"
音読み
face; surface; aspect; mask

めんformalface; mask; surface; side; aspect; phase; page (of a newspaper); men, a face mask with shoulder protectors for kendō
face
1  面するめんするslightly formalto face; to look out on; to front

面接

めんせつinterview (for a job); interview examination (for admission to a schoo) (接 565)
対面たいめんslightly formalact of meeting face to face; face-to-face
*洗面所せんめんじょslightly formallavatory; washroom; bathroom (not focus on bathing)
surface
*

画面

がめんpicture [screen] (of a television or a film as a viewing surface)
地面じめんsurface of the earth; ground

表面

ひょうめんsurface; top

正面

しょうめんfront; facade
面積めんせきsquare measure; area
surface; aspect
1  側面そくめんformalside; aspect
aspect

場面

ばめんscene
aspect; area
方面ほうめんdirection (used to indicate the area ambiguously, or to indicate where a train is bound for); area; field; aspect; angle
mask
お面おめんinformalmask
page (of a newspaper)
紙面しめんslightly formalspace of a newspaper
社会面しゃかいめんlocal [city] news page
(phonetic equivalent)
面倒なめんどうなtroublesome; perplexing; onerous
特別な読み
aspect

真面目な

まじめな «often written inhiragana» serious; earnest

458

かど

つの

カク

horn;

corner

; angle; quadrate; vie
뿔[각];뿔;모퉁이;각도;방형;겨루다
 訓読み
horn
1

つのhorn; antler
corner

かどcorner
四つ角よつかどslightly archaiccrossroads
音読み
horn
頭角とうかくformalhorn on the head; outstanding talent
一角獣いっかくじゅうunicorn (獣= animal; beast
corner

三角

さんかくtriangle
三角形さんかくけい/さんかっけいmathematicstriangle
*正三角形せいさんかっけいmathematicsequilateral triangle

四角

しかくquadrilateral
四角形しかくけい/しかっけいmathematicsquadrilateral

四角い

しかくいrectangular; square
angle
1かくmathematicsangle
角度かくど(magnitude of the) angle; angular measure; point of view
直角ちょっかくright angle
直角三角形ちょっかくさんかっけいmathematicsright(-angled) triangle
方角ほうがくdirection (of a place or an area);slightly archaicpoint of the compass
quadrate
全角ぜんかくfull width character; character of a square ratio (such as 漢字, ひらがな); two-byte [multi-byte] characters (< an abbreviation of "全角文字"(ぜんかくもじ))
半角はんかくhalf width character; character of a 1:2 aspect ratio (such as regular Latin alphabets, numerals, punctuation marks in English); one-byte characters (< an abbreviation of "半角文字"(はんかくもじ))
vie
角逐かくちくformalvying; rivalry; competition (逐= drive out
<abbreviation of "角力">
角界かくかいformalthe world of sumō; the sumō world
特別な読み
vie
角力すもう «generally written as "相撲sumō (wrestling)

459

がわ

ソク

side

; edge
侧;边側;邊곁[측];곁;쪽;가장자리
 訓読み
side
*

外側

そとがわoutside; outer side
*

内側

うちがわinside; inner part
*

西側

にしがわwest side
*南側みなみがわsouth side

両側

りょうがわboth sides
*片側かたがわone side
*

向こう側

むこうがわthe other side; the opposite side
edge
がわ(watch) case
縁側えんがわengawa, external corridor on the outer side of traditional Japanese houses; meat at the base of a fin (especially of a flatfish)
音読み
side
1  

側面

そくめんformalside; aspect
*側近そっきんslightly formalclose associate [adviser, aide] (of a man of power)

460

ま(じる)

ま(ざる)

、ま(ぜる)

まじ(わる)

、まじ(える)、か()

(わす)

コウ

to cross

; associate; interchange; hand over; mix
交;杂交;雜사귈[교];교차하다;사귀다;주고받다;교부하다;섞이다
 訓読み
to cross; associate
1  

交わる

まじわるslightly formalto intersect;slightly archaicto associate
associate; mix

交じる

まじるto be mixed; to associate with

交ざる

まざる(mixed-ratio is higher than "交じる") to be mixed; to associate with
interchange
1  

交わす

かわすslighly formalto exchange
mix
交ぜるまぜるto mix
音読み
to cross
交差するこうさするslighly formal(of lines or surfaces,) to cross [intersect]

交差点

こうさてんintersection; crossroads; crossing (差 554)
associate
交際するこうさいするslighly formal and slighly archaicto keep company (with); to associate (with)

交流する

こうりゅうするslighly formalto interact (to visit or to communicate mutually between socially different groups) (流 534)
外交がいこうformaldiplomacy
interchange

交通

こうつうslighly formaltraffc; means of transportation [transport]
交通機関こうつうきかんslightly formalmeans of transportation [transport]; transport facilities
*交通規則こうつうきそくformaltraffic rules [regulations]
*

交通事故

こうつうじこtraffic accident

交換する

こうかんするslightly formalto exchange; to interchange
交替こうたいshift (alternation or rotation); taking turns
1  交代こうたいchange (with another member); alternation (of generation) (代 513)

交番

こうばんpolice box
hand over
1  交付こうふformalissue; grantan act of the government or a public office giving money or issuing documents in accordance with the procedures
手交しゅこうvery formalhanding over; delivery (by hand)
mix
交雑こうざつbiologycrossbreeding; crossing (between different genotypes)

461

よこ

オウ

horizontal (as opposed to vertical); east-west direction;

side

; similar degree of relationship; arbitrary
横;躺着的状态橫;躺著的狀態가로[횡];가로;누운 상태;옆;마음대로
 訓読み
horizontal (as opposed to vertical); side; similar degree of relationship

よこside; horizontal (as opposed to vertical) (↔ ""(たて) vertical
‖ 横になるよこになるto lie down
‖ 横のつながりよこのつながりhorizontal relationships of equals (of the nexus of social relationships. Not vertical, hierarchical relationships but relationships of people of equal status or age) e.g., the connection between fellow students rather than that between a senior and a junior student
horizontal (as opposed to vertical)
*横書きよこがきhorizontal writing (↔ "縦書き"(たてがき) vertical writing
1  横綱よこづなyokozuna (the highest rank of sumō wrestler or sumō wrestler of the highest rank)(← symbolized by a horizontal rope (, つな) worn around the waist
side
横切るよこぎるto cross; to go across
(others)

横浜

よこはまproper nameYokohama (place name)
音読み
horizontal (as opposed to vertical)
横転するおうてんするslightly formalto topple sideways; (of a truck,) to roll over
east-west direction
大陸横断たいりくおうだんtranscontinental
side
横断するおうだんするslightly formalto cross (a street, the land, the sea) (断= cut off

横断歩道

おうだんほどうpedestrian crossing
arbitrary (←"to deviate aside"
1  横柄なおうへいなslightly formalarrogant; haughty; insolent; imperious
横行するおうこうするformalto be rampant

462

まつ()

まつ(り)

サイ

enshrine;

festival

祭;祭祀;祭典活动;节庆;节祭;祭祀;祭典活動;節慶;節제사[제];모시다;제사;축제
 訓読み
enshrine
祭るまつるto deify; to enshrine
festival

祭り

まつりfestival

お祭り

おまつりpolite or colloquialfestival

祇園祭

ぎおんまつりproper nameGion Festival (in Kyoto)
音読み
enshrine
祭壇さいだんalter
festival
文化祭ぶんかさいcultural festival; school festival (化 502)
*

前夜祭

ぜんやさいthe eve (of festival)

祭日

さいじつpopular name of "祝日"(しゅくじつ); 525) national holiday
学園祭がくえんさいcampus [school] festival
大学祭だいがくさいuniversity [college] festival

463

{youngest child}; the last part of a period;

season

계절[계];{막내};기간의 끝;철
音読み
season

季節

きせつseason

四季

しきslightly formalfour seasons
*春季しゅんきformalspring season
*夏季かきformalsummer season
*秋季しゅうきformalautumn season
*冬季とうきformalwinter season
雨季うきrainy season
乾季かんきdry season (乾= dry
季語きごseasonal word (in renga(連歌(れんが))and haiku(俳句(はいく)))

464

ふし

セツ

セチ

joint; (wood) knot; node; something noticeable;

section

; tune; occasion; feast day; maintain certain limits; sign of commission
마디[절];마디;두드러진 점;절;선율;때;축제일;절도를 지키다;임명의 표지
 訓読み
joint; (wood) knot; something noticeable; tune

ふしjoint (of a bamboo); (wood) knot; tune; something noticeable
(wood) knot
節穴ふしあなknothole; bad eyes
(wood) knot; section
*節目ふしめknot (in a tree); critical juncture; turning point
(others: simmered, smoked, fermented and dried fish)
*鰹節かつおぶしdried bonito; dried bonito shavings (used as a broth of various soups in Japanese cuisine or as dried food sprinkled over rice)
音読み
joint
*関節かんせつjoint (of bones); articulatio
節足動物せっそくどうぶつbiologyarthropod
node
リンパ節りんぱせつmedicallymph node
node; section; occasion (distinguished from others)
1せつformalsection (of a text)
      grammarclause
      courteous expression(on that) occasion
section
*一節いっせつa passage (of a book, poem, speech, etc.); a stanza; a verse
音節おんせつlinguisticssyllable
主節しゅせつgrammarmain clause
従属節じゅうぞくせつgrammarsubordinate [dependent] clause

季節

きせつseason
occasion (distinguished from others)
時節じせつformal and slightly archaicseason; the time of year; the times; due time; chance
feast day (on which a change of seasons is celebrated)

お節料理

おせちりょうりJapanese traditional New Year's dish
*節分せつぶんSetsubun, the day of seasonal division, especially referred to the day before the beginning of spring on the traditional Japanese calendar, normally around the 3rd of February
節句せっく(five) seasonal festival in Japan such as "桃の節句"(もものせっく):3月3日,"端午の節句"(たんごのせっく):5月5日)
maintain certain limits

調節する

ちょうせつするto adjust

節約

せつやくeconomy; saving
*節電せつでんelectricity saving
礼節れいせつformalpropriety
sign of commission
使節しせつenvoy; mission (← An envoy brought a tally as a sign of commission in old days in China.

465

むかし

セキ、シャク

former times

옛[석];옛날
 訓読み
former times

むかしn., adv.(in) old [former] times [days]; long time ago; (in) years past
*大昔おおむかしancient times
*

昔話

むかしばなしtalk about the past; old tale
音読み
former times
昔日せきじつvery formalbygone days; olden times
今昔こんじゃくformal and archaicpresent time and former time

466

うつく(しい)

beautiful

; superior; praise
아름다울[미];아름답다;뛰어나다;칭찬하다
 訓読み
beautiful

美しい

うつくしいslightly formalbeautiful
音読み
beautiful; superior
1  slightly formalbeauty; crowning achievement
beautiful
美人びじんbeautiful woman [lady]; beauty
1  美術びじゅつ(fine) art (術 588)

美術館

びじゅつかんart museum
美容びようbeauty (beautifying one's appearance) (容 595)
*

美容院

びよういんbeauty salon [parlor]
*美容室びようしつbeauty salon [parlor] (often used as a shop name)
*美容師びようしbeautician; hairdresser (of a beauty salon)
superior
*美味びみformaldeliciousness; dainty food
美技びぎformalfine play; excellent performance
praise
1  賛美さんびformalpraise; glorification
1  褒美ほうびformal and archaicreward
‖ ご褒美ごほうび «often written in hiragana» slightly archaicreward
特別な読み
superior
美味しいおいしい «generally written in hiragana» tasty; nice (of food); yummy
美味いうまい «rough in colloquial; generally written in hiragana» tasty; nice (of food); yummy

467

かぜ

かざ

フウ

wind

; natural surroundings; manner; savor; rumor; illness; insinuate
风;讽風;諷바람[풍];바람;자연의 모습;모습;식;멋;소문;병;빈정거리다
 訓読み
wind

かぜwind
*

風向き

かざむきdirection of the wind; wind direction; tide of affairs
1

風車

かざぐるま(toy) pinwheel
manner
先輩風せんぱいかぜpatronizing air; pompous behavior (as a senior)
音読み
wind
*強風きょうふうslightly formalstrong [high] wind; gale
風向ふうこうformaldirection of the wind; wind direction

台風

たいふうtyphoon
‖ 台風9号たいふうきゅうごうTyphoon No.9
1

風車

ふうしゃwindmill
風船ふうせんballoon
風鈴ふうりんwind bell
扇風機せんぷうき(electric) fan
風化ふうかslightly formalweathering; fading (of memory or experience over time) (←"decomposition by the workings of the wind"
natural surroundings
風景ふうけいslightly formal and objectivelandscape; scene; scenery
花鳥風月かちょうふうげつformal and archaicthe beauties of nature; the traditional themes of natural beauty in Japanese aesthetics
manner
~風~ふうstyle; type; bearing
‖ こんな風にこんなふうにcolloquiallike this; in this way
1  

和風

わふうJapanese style [taste, image]
1  洋風ようふうWestern style [taste, image]
*中国風ちゅうごくふうChinese style [taste, image]
*中華風ちゅうかふうChinese style [tasting] (food)
1  風習ふうしゅう(local) custom
savor
*風情ふぜいslightly formal and slightly archaictasteful atmosphere; (refined) taste; elegant atmosphere; quaint
illness
痛風つうふうmedicalgout
風疹ふうしんmedicalrubella
insinuate (substitution kanji of "")
風刺ふうしslightly formalsatire
(phonetic equivalent)

風呂

ふろbath
風呂敷ふろしきtraditional Japanese wrapping cloth
特別な読み
illness

風邪

かぜ(common) cold (←"caused by an evil wind of an evil spirit") (邪= evil

468

ケイ

scene

; business conditions; attracting the attention
景;引人注目景;引人注目경치[경];경치;상태;경제적인 상황;주목을 끌다
音読み
scene

風景

ふうけいslightly formal and objectivelandscape; scene; scenery
光景こうけいformalsight; scene
*夜景やけいnight view
情景じょうけいslightly formalscene (that arouses certain emotions in one's mind)
背景はいけいbackground; (social) context
business conditions

景気

けいきeconomic conditions; business condition
*好景気こうけいきformalprosperity
1  不景気ふけいきslightly formalrecession; bad times
attracting the attention
景品けいひんprize (of a lottery or pachinko); giveaway
特別な読み
scene

景色

けしきscenery; scene; view; landscape

469

まわ(り)

シュウ

all around;

periphery

; go around; cycle
두루[주];두루;둘레;돌다;주기
 訓読み
periphery

周り

まわりcircumference; surrounding; periphery; vicinity
音読み
all around
周知しゅうちformalbeing well-known; being known to all
periphery

周辺

しゅうへんslightly formalperiphery; vicinity (辺 620)
周囲しゅういslightly formalcircumference; surrounding; periphery
円周えんしゅうmathematicscircumference of a circle
go around
*

一周

いっしゅうone round; lap; going around
周遊しゅうゆうformaltour
cycle
1  周期しゅうきslightly formalcycle
1  一周年いっしゅうねん(celebration of) the first anniversary





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