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日本語学習者のための漢字634 語彙リスト詳細版
語彙リスト詳細版凡例

第33課
515

むす(ぶ)

、ゆ()、ゆ(わえる)

ケツ

tie;

get together into one

; clench; connect; set up; conclude
맺을[결];맺다;다물다;잇다;차리다
 訓読み
tie; get together into one; clench; connect; conclude

結ぶ

むすぶto tie; to connect; to make (a contract); to conclude (a treaty); to bear (fruit); to clench (lips)
tie
結うゆうslightly archaicto tie up [do, do up, dress] (hair)
蝶結びちょうむすびalso "蝶々結び"(ちょうちょむすび)) bowknot
get together into one
縁結びえんむすびmatchmaking
音読み
tie
結縄けつじょうvery formalknotting rope;historicalquipu (縄= rope
get together into one
結婚けっこんmarriage
結婚するけっこんするto marry; to get married
結婚式けっこんしきwedding [marriage] ceremony
1  結束するけっそくするslightly formalto unite in doing; to band together (束 567)
1  結晶けっしょうslightly formalcrystal; fruit (of one's labor, of blood and sweat, of their love, etc.) (晶 = glitter
1  結核けっかくmedicaltuberculosis (核= nucleus
set up

結構な

けっこうなslightly formalfine; all right; sufficient (構= structure
‖ いいえ、結構です。いいえ、けっこうです。«often written in hiragana» slightly formalNo, thank you. (as a response to the other person's suggestion) (←"That's enough."
結構けっこう «often written in hiragana» adv.fairly; pretty; rather
結界けっかいBuddhism》(fixing) boundaries for religious practices; prohibition (of items, people, spirits, etc. that would hinder Buddhist practice);Buddhism, Shintōbarrier between inner and outer realms; mystical barrier
conclude

結論

けつろんconclusion (論 591)

結果

けっかresult; effect; consequence (果 584)
結局けっきょくfinally; after all; ultimately; eventually (局 623)

516

コン

marry

혼인할[혼];혼인하다
音読み
marry

結婚

けっこんmarriage

結婚する

けっこんするto marry; to get married
結婚式けっこんしきwedding [marriage] ceremony

離婚

りこんdivorce (離= separate

婚約する

こんやくするto get [become] engaged
1  未婚みこんslightly formalunmarried; single
1  既婚きこんformalmarried
既婚者きこんしゃformalmarried person
1  新婚しんこんnewly-married couple

517

シキ

style; formula;

ceremony

법[식];식
音読み
style
*様式ようしきformalpattern; form; style
形式けいしきform
1  方式ほうしきslightly formalmethod; system
1  株式かぶしきeconomicsstock; share (《informal》株 かぶ)
*株式会社かぶしきがいしゃeconomics or formal(joint-)stock company
公式のこうしきのformalofficial

正式な

せいしきなformal
style; formula
公式こうしきformal(math) formula; rule
formula
*図式ずしきslightly formaldiagram
数式すうしきslightly formalnumerical formula [expression]
化学式かがくしきchemistrychemical formula
formula; ceremony

しきceremony; (algebraic) expression
ceremony

結婚式

けっこんしきwedding [marriage] ceremony
*成人式せいじんしきcoming-of-age ceremony
入学式にゅうがくしき(school) entrance ceremony

卒業式

そつぎょうしきgraduation ceremony
*修了式しゅうりょうしきcompletion ceremony

葬式

そうしきfuneral (葬= inter

お葬式

そうしきpolite or colloquialfuneral
(others: enforcement regulations of the ritsuryō)
式目しきもくhistoricallaw code (of feudal era)

518

ゆび

さ(す)

finger

; to point; to direct; toward; play (shōgi)
指;下(象棋)指;下(象棋)손가락[지];손가락;가리키다;지시하다;향하다;(장기를) 두다
 訓読み
finger

ゆびfinger; toe
親指おやゆびthumb; big toe
人差し指ひとさしゆびindex finger
中指なかゆびmiddle finger

薬指

くすりゆびring finger
小指こゆびlittle finger; pinky [pinkie] finger; little toe

指輪

ゆびわ(finger) ring
to point; play (shōgi)

指す

さすto point (to); to refer (to); to designate; to play (shōgi)
toward
目指すめざすto aim (at [to do])
音読み
finger
*指紋しもんfingerprint
手指しゅしformalfinger (of a hand); hands and fingers
to point
指定していslightly formaldesignation
*

指定席

していせきreserved seat (a pre-designated seat assignment)
to direct
指示しじslightly formalinstruction

指導

しどうslightly formalteaching; instruction (導= lead
toward
*指針ししんformalguideline

519

リン

wheel; bicycle;

ring

; circle; cycle; counter for flowers; size of blooms
轮;自行车;圈;-朵輪;自行車;圈;-朵
바퀴[륜]([윤]);바퀴;자전거;고리;한패;차례로;-송이;꽃은 크기
 訓読み
ring; circle

ring; loop; hoop; link; circle
ring

指輪

ゆびわ(finger) ring
*輪ゴムわごむrubber band
circle
内輪のうちわのof one's family circle; private (matter, information, trouble, etc.)
音読み
wheel

車輪

しゃりんslightly formalvehicle wheel
*二輪車にりんしゃformaltwo-wheeled vehicle; two-wheeler; bicycle
bicycle
*

駐輪場

ちゅうりんじょうslightly formalbicycle (/motorcycle) parking area [lot]
*競輪けいりんkeirin (bicycle racing)
ring
1  年輪ねんりんtree [annual, growth] ring
*五輪ごりんOlympic rings;often used in a newspaper articleOlympics
cycle
輪作りんさくagriculturecrop rotation
輪読するりんどくするformalto read (a book) in turn [by turns]
輪廻りんねBuddhismthe endless cycle of birth and suffering and death and rebirth
counter for flowers
一輪の花いちりんのはなslightly archaica flower
一輪挿しいちりんざしvase for a single flower
size of blooms
大輪のたいりんのslightly formalbig-bloomed
(others:Buddhismbase at the bottom of the earth)
金輪際こんりんざいwith negative sentence(not) ever; (not) on any account; (never) till doomsday (← "to the limit" "deepest bottom of the earth"

520

いき

ソク

breath

; be alive;

one's child

; son; interest (of money); rest; cease
息;儿息;児숨[식];숨;살다;자식;아들;이자;쉬다;그치다
 訓読み
breath

いきbreath
溜め息ためいきsigh
音読み
breath
1  窒息ちっそくslightly formalsuffocation (窒= choke
be alive
*生息するせいそくするformal and objectiveto live in (a certain environment)
1  消息しょうそくslightly formalwhat is going on; how one is getting along; news (from someone); (someone's) whereabouts (←"transition" "disappearance and birth"
one's child
1  子息しそくvery formal(other's) son (子= here meaning "son"
息女そくじょvery formal(other's) daughter
son
愛息あいそくvery formal(other's) beloved [cherished] son
interest (of money) (←"a small thing brought into existence"
1  利息りそくinterest (especially from a lender's point of view)
rest (←"to be rested" "to breathe"

休息する

きゅうそくするformalto rest; to repose
cease
終息するしゅうそくするformalto come to an end
特別な読み
one's child

息子

むすこson (from the viewpoint of the parent) (子= here meaning "son"

521

むすめ

young unmarried woman;

daughter

姑娘;女儿姑娘;女兒아가씨[낭]([랑]);처녀;딸
 訓読み
young unmarried woman; daughter

むすめdaughter (from the viewpoint of the parent);archaicyoung unmarried woman
daughter
*一人娘ひとりむすめ(one's) only daughter

522

みな

カイ

everyone

; everything
皆;全都;大家皆;全都;大家다[개];모두
 訓読み
everyone; everything

みなformalall; everyone; everything
  NOTE: "みんな" is written in hiragana.
everyone

皆さん

みなさんpoliteeveryone;polite vocativeladies and gentlemen

皆様

みなさまhonorificeveryone;honorific but not so formaldear all
音読み
everyone
皆兵かいへいformaluniversal conscription
everything
皆無かいむformalnothing at all; none

523

さま

ヨウ

pattern; mode;

state

; like;

honorific suffix to a person's name or title

; suffix used to show gratitude
样;方法:表示敬意或慰劳的接尾词樣;方法;表示敬意或慰勞的接尾詞
모양[양];무늬;양식;방법;모양;-님;위로의 의미를 나타내는 접미사
 訓読み
state
さまslightly archaicstate; situation; appearance; looks
様々なさまざまな «often written in hiragana» formalvarious (focused on mutual differences of objects)
cf. "いろいろな" various (indicated that there are many kinds of things)
honorific suffix to a person's name or title; suffix used to show gratitude

~様

~さま(honorific suffix to a person's name or title)
honorific suffix to a person's name or title
奥様おくさまvocative and very polite(other family's) wife;vocative and politelady [madam]
*おじい様おじいさまpolitegrandfather
*おばあ様おばあさまpolitegrandmother
お父様おとうさまpolitefather
お母様おかあさまpolitemother

皆様

みなさまhonorificeveryone;honorific but not so formaldear all
*

お客様

おきゃくさまpolite, also vocativevisitor; guest; customer; client; passenger
お姫様おひめさまcolloquial and archaicprincess
王様おおさまpolite or informalking
神様かみさまGod; god
*

どちら様

どちらさまhonorificwho
suffix used to show gratitude
お疲れ様おつかれさま «"", often written in hiragana» (used in the following phrases)
‖ お疲れ様でした。おつかれさまでした。 《formal greeting in an officeYou did a good work.; Good job today.; Have a nice evening. (business greetings used typically toward a person who is leaving the office when he/she finished his/her work.)
   NOTE: This phrase is not used when the work is done for the speaker, e.g., a student says to his/her teacher after class, a person says to his/her co-workers for their help, etc.
‖ お疲れ様。おつかれさま。informal(informal expression of "お疲れ様でした。")
‖ お疲れ様です。おつかれさまです。slightly informal(slightly informal expression of "お疲れ様でした。");recent use, popularly used but unrefined(general greetings in a workplace) Hi.; Hello.
ご苦労様ごくろうさま «"", often written in hiragana» (used in the following phrases)
‖ ご苦労様でした。ごくろうさまでした。Thank you for your hard work [for your trouble]. (greetings of gratitude generally used by a superior to an inferior)
‖ ご苦労様。ごくろうさま。informal(informal expression of "ご苦労様でした。")
お待ち遠様。おまちどおさま。polite but informalSorry to have kept you waiting.
音読み
pattern
模様もようpattern; design; look
mode
1  様式ようしきformalpattern; form; style
仕様しようformalspecification; spec
1         slightly formalway; method "しょうがない" is colloquial expession of "仕様がない"(with a sense of resignation) to have no way to do; hopeless; it is no use ~ing; it is inevitable; I have no choice.; It can't be helped.
多様性たようせいslightly formaldiversity; variety
state

様子

ようすstate of looking; situation; appearance; look; sign

同様に

どうようにslightly formalsimilarly; alike; equally; in the same way; likewise
like
~の様だ~のようだ «generally written in hiragana» (It looks) like; as if [though]

524

きみ

クン

sovereign; person to be respected;

familiar title

(used in adderssing friends, peers or inferiors); you (used in adderssing friends, peers or inferiors)
君;小~(男性对晚辈或同辈用);你(男性对下辈或同辈用)
君;小~(男性對晚輩或同輩用);你(男性對下輩或同輩用)
임금[군];임금;존경할 만하는 사람;군;-군;-씨;너;자네
 訓読み
sovereign; person to be respected; you (used in adderssing friends, peers or inferiors)

きみslightly archaicyou (used in adderssing friends, peers or inferiors);archaicthe Emperor; one's lord; person (to be respected)
音読み
sovereign
1  君主くんしゅformalmonarch; sovereign
君臨するくんりんするformalto reign
person to be respected
君子くんしarchaicwise person
familiar title (used in adderssing friends, peers or inferiors)

~君

~くんfamiliar title (used in adderssing friends, peers or inferiors)
1  諸君しょくんformal and slightly archaicyou all

525

いわ(う)

シュク

、シュウ

celebrate

축하할[축];축하하다
 訓読み
celebrate

祝う

いわうto congratulate; to celebrate

お祝い

おいわいcongratulation; celebration; festival; congratulatory gift
音読み
celebrate

祝日

しゅくじつnational holiday
* ()祝儀()しゅうぎslightly formalcongratulatory money;formal and slightly archaicgratuity

526

やさ(しい)

すぐ(れる)

ユウ

{able to afford}; actor;

excel

; hospitable;

gracious

; gentle; sluggish
优;温柔;温和的(人、话语)優;溫柔;溫和的(人、話語)
넉넉할[우];{넉넉하다};배우;낫다;따뜻하다;다정하다;부드럽다;느리다
 訓読み
excel
優れるすぐれるformal and archaic》= 優れている
優れているすぐれているto excel (in, as); to be superior; to be excellent

優れた

すぐれたformaladjective equivalentexcellent; superior; outstanding; great (ability, value, etc.)
gracious; gentle

優しい

やさしいgentle; tender; gracious; affectionate; kind; (environment, eco, nature, health, etc.)-friendly
音読み
actor

俳優

はいゆうactor; actress (俳= actor; funny

女優

じょゆうactress (used with consciousness of being a woman)
*男優だんゆうactor (used only when a distinction between male and female is needed)
*

声優

せいゆうvoice actor [actress]; dubbing artist
excel

優勝する

ゆうしょうするto win the victory [championship] (勝 547)
優秀なゆうしゅうなexcellent; talented
hospitable
*優遇ゆうぐうslightly formalfavorable [preferential] treatment
1  優先ゆうせんslightly formalpriority; precedence
*

優先席

ゆうせんせきpriority seat
gracious
*優雅なゆうがなgraceful; elegant; refined
sluggish
優柔不断なゆうじゅうふだんなirresolute; indecisive; shilly-shally

527

married woman

; adult woman
며느리[부];부인;성인의 여성
音読み
married woman

夫婦

ふうふhusband and wife; married couple

主婦

しゅふhousewife
新婦しんぷformalbride (↔ "新郎"(しんろう) formalbridegroom
adult woman
婦人ふじんformal and slightly archaiclady
1  産婦人科さんふじんかmedicalobstetrics and gynecology
家政婦かせいふslightly formal and slightly archaic(paid) housekeeper

528

しあわ(せ)

さいわ(い)

、さち

コウ

good luck;

happiness

; blessing; Emperor's visit
幸;天恩幸;天恩다행[행];다행;혜택;천황의 외출
 訓読み
good luck; happiness

幸い

さいわいadv.slightly formal and slightly archaicluckily; fortunately
   n.slightly formal and slightly archaichappiness; (good) fortune; small mercy (from some misfortune)
happiness

幸せ

しあわせ «also written as "仕合わせhappiness

幸せな

しあわせなhappy; fortunate
不幸せふしあわせslightly archaicunhappiness; disfortunate; misery
不幸せなふしあわせなslightly archaicunhappy; unfortunate; miserable
happiness; blessing
*さちarchaichappiness; (good) fortune; blessing of food
blessing
*海の幸うみのさちnatural taste of blessings from the sea; delicious marine products
山の幸やまのさちnatural taste of blessings from the mountains; delicious food from the mountains
音読み
good luck

幸運

こううんslightly formal(good) luck; (good) fortune
happiness

幸福

こうふくslightly formalhappiness (福= good fortune
不幸ふこうunhappiness; disfortunate; misery
Emperor's visit
行幸ぎょうこうvery formalEmperor's visit

529

なが()

エイ

lasting

길[영];오래다
 訓読み
lasting
永いながいformallasting

末永く

すえながくformalforever
‖ 末永くお幸せに。すえながくおしあわせに。formal and politeI wish you both a lifetime of happiness
音読み
lasting

永久に

えいきゅうにformaleternally (in terms of time sequences); permanently

永遠

えいえんslightly formaleternity
永遠のえいえんのslightly formaleternal; everlasting
永年えいねんvery formalpermanence; longtime





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