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日本語学習者のための漢字634 語彙リスト詳細版
語彙リスト詳細版凡例

第37課
575

たね

シュ

seed; material as a source;

sort

种;材料種;材料씨[종];씨;거리;가지
 訓読み
seed; material as a source

たねseed; stone [pit] (of a fruit); cause; material; topic (of conversation); secret (of magic tricks)
seed
種馬たねうまbreeding horse
material as a source
*火種ひだねlive coal (to build [make] a fire with); cause (of disturbance, conflict, etc.); trigger
音読み
seed
*種子しゅしformalseed
接種するせっしゅするmedicalto inoculate; to vaccinate
*予防接種よぼうせっしゅslightly formalpreventive vaccination [inoculation]
sort
1しゅformalsort;biologyspecies

種類

しゅるいkind; sort; type
一種のいっしゅのslightly formala sort of
1  各種かくしゅformalvarios kinds [sorts]
人種じんしゅrace (divided into according to the color of the skin and other physical features);popularly usedethnic group ("民族" used in the academic field)
*種目しゅもく(athletic) event;formalitem (of business)

576

たぐ()

ルイ

kind

; similar; spread (of the fire)
类;延(烧)類;延(燒)무리[류]([유]);종류;비슷하다;(불이) 번지다
 訓読み
kind
*類いたぐい 《slightly archaicthe same kind; the like; equivalent
音読み
kind
1  るいformalkind; sort; type; the like

種類

しゅるいkind; sort; type

書類

しょるいdocument; papers
分類ぶんるいformalclassification; grouping
1  衣類いるいformal(generic term for) clothing
親類しんるいslightly formal and slightly archaic(generic term for) one's relatives
人類じんるいbiologyhuman rase [species]; mankind
人類学じんるいがくacademicanthropology
*鳥類ちょうるいbiologyAves; (a class of) birds
similar
類するるいするformalto be like
1  類似るいじformalsimilarity
類語るいごformalsynonym (=類義語(るいぎご))
spread (of the fire)
類焼るいしょうformalspreading fire

577

かず

かぞ(える)

スウ

、ス

number

; count; several; fate; plot
셈[수];수;세다;운명;계략
 訓読み
number

かずnumber; figure
count

数える

かぞえるto count
音読み
number
すうmathematicsnumber; figure
数学すうがくmathematics
算数さんすう(elementary) mathematics (as an educational subject of an elementary school) (算= calculate

数字

すうじfigure (numeric character); numeral; number

点数

てんすうscore; scoring points; marks; number of items
回数かいすうnumber of times
*

人数

にんずうnumber of people
*多数たすうslightly formallarge [great] number; many; majority
*少数しょうすうslightly formalsmall number; a few; minority
小数しょうすうmathematicsdecimal fraction
分数ぶんすうmathematicsfraction
several
数~すう~formal(with a counter suffix after e.g., 数回,数人,数日(すうじつ)) several ~
fate
数奇なすうきなformalof adverse fortune; of hapless fate; of vicissitudes of fortune; checkered
plot
権謀術数けんぼうじゅっすうformalmachiavellianism; trickery
特別な読み
count
数珠じゅずBuddhist rosary; Buddhist prayer beads (← originally, used to count the number of nenbutsu, prayer to Amida Buddha, recited

578

はか(る)

リョウ

(determine the volume or weight of) measure;

quantity

; human ability; guess
量;称(重量)量;称(重量)헤아릴[량]([양]);(무게나 양을) 재다;양;인간의 능력;헤아리다
 訓読み
(determine the volume or weight of) measure; guess

量る

はかるto measure (volume or capacity); to weight;formalto guess
音読み
(determine the volume or weight of) measure
*計量するけいりょうするformalto measure (the weight [volume] of something)
測量そくりょうformalmeasurement; (land) survey
度量衡どりょうこうformalweights and measures
quantity

りょうquantity cf. '数(かず) ' is for something described by number; great amount
大量たいりょうslightly formallarge quantity [amount]; massive scale; mass
*多量たりょうformallarge quantity (of things)
*少量しょうりょうformalsmall quantity [amount]
1  微量びりょうformalvery small quantity [amount]; minute quantity [amount]
*数量すうりょうformal(concrete) quantity (used for the number)
分量ぶんりょうslightly formal(concrete) quantity (used for weight, amount, ratio, etc.); dose (of medicine)
重量じゅうりょうformalweight
*減量げんりょうslightly formallosing weight; reduction (of waste)
*音量おんりょうslightly formalvolume (of speaker, earphone or microphone)
*降水量こうすいりょうweatherprecipitation; amount of rain or snow
*量産りょうさんslightly formalmass production
量販りょうはんformalvolume sales
量子りょうしphysicsquantum
human ability
度量どりょうslightly formalbroad-mindedness; capacity; generosity
*力量りきりょうslightly formalability; competence
器量きりょうslightly archaiclooks; ability
guess
*裁量さいりょうslightly formal(at one's discretion); free hand
情状酌量じょうじょうしゃくりょうlegalextenuation

579

ロク

record

기록할[록]([녹]);기록하다
音読み
record

記録

きろくrecord; document; archives

録音する

ろくおんするto record (sound)
*

録画する

ろくがするto record (video)
1  

登録

とうろくregistration; entry
1  付録ふろくappendix; extra (of magazine)

580

くら(べる)

compare

; comparable; ratio
견줄[비];견주다;비교되다;비율
 訓読み
compare

比べる

くらべるto compare
音読み
compare

比較する

ひかくするslightly formalto compare (較= compare
比較的ひかくてきrelatively; comparatively
1  対比たいひformalcontrast
比喩ひゆslightly formalmetaphor; simile
comparable
比類ひるいvery formalequal; match; equivalent
比肩ひけんvery formalequalling (肩= shoulder
comparable; ratio
*slightly formalmatch;mathematicsratio
ratio
比例するひれいするslightly formalto be in proportion to
1  比例ひれいmathematicsproportion
反比例はんぴれいmathematicsinverse proportion
1  比率ひりつformalratio; percentage
<abbreviation for an archaic kanji writing of the Philippines, "比律賓"(フィリピン)>
比大統領ふぃりぴん だいとうりょうwritten word, often used in a newspaper headlinesPresident of the Philippines

581

ほか

other

他;别的他;別的다를[타];다른
 訓読み
other

ほかother (thing, place, person)

他に

ほかにelse
その他そのほかthe others
音読み
other
formalother (thing, place, person)

その他

そのたslightly formalthe others

他人

たにんslightly formalothers; unrelated person
1  他動詞たどうしgrammartransitive verb (↔ "自動詞" (じどうし) grammarintransitive verb

582

はら

ゲン

original

; plain; field; <atomic>
原;(埋雷)区原;(埋雷)區근원[원];본디;들판;구역;<원자>
 訓読み
plain
1  原っぱはらっぱcolloquiallarge vacant lot [plot]; raw land
*

野原

のはらopen field
原宿はらじゅくproper nameHarajuku (place name in Tokyo)
秋葉原あきはばらproper nameAkihabara (place name in Tokyo)
音読み
original

原因

げんいんcause

原料

げんりょう(raw) materials (not retaining the original form); ingredient
1  原子げんしchemistryatom
原子力げんしりょくatomic [nuclear] energy [power]
1  原油げんゆcrude oil [petroleum]
plain
1  

高原

こうげんhigh plains
原野げんやformalplain field (left in a natural state); untouched [unspoiled] plains
field
地雷原じらいげんminefield
機雷原きらいげんnaval minefield
<abbreviation of "原子" or "原子力">
1  原爆げんばくatomic bomb (< "原子爆弾"(げんしばくだん))
原発げんぱつnuclear power plant (< "原子力発電所"(げんしりょくはつでんしょ))
特別な読み
plain
*河原かわら «also written as "川原dry riverbed (河= river

583

()

イン

based;

cause

; factor
인할[인];인하다;요소
 訓読み
cause

因る

よる «often written in hiragana» to be caused (by); to be due to
音読み
based
因習いんしゅうformalsocial convention (especially with an evil)
cause

原因

げんいんcause
cause; factor
1  要因よういんslightly formalmain cause; (primary) factor(s)
factor
因子いんしmedical or biologyfactor
因数いんすうmathematicsfactor (of a number)

584

は(たす)

、は(てる)、は()

fruit

;

result

; resolute; end; utterly; as expected
果;边际;尽果;邊際;尽실과[과];실과;결과;단호한;끝;끝나다;다;과연
 訓読み
end
1  

果たす

はたすslightly formalto carry out [fulfill, accomplish] (one's duties, obligations, purpose, etc.)
1  果てはてslightly archaicthe end; limit
1  果てるはてるslightly archaicto come to an end
utterly
(V(masu-stem)+)果たす~はたすto do completely; to do entirely
‖ 使い果たすつかいはたすto use up; to spend all; to exhaust
(V(masu-stem)+)果てる~はてるto be (done) up; to be (done) utterly
‖ 疲れ果てるつかれはてるto be tired out; to be worn out; to be exhausted
‖ 変わり果てるかわりはてるto be completely changed
as expected
果たしてはたしてformalsure enough; just as one expected; (used in interrogative and hypothetical sentences) really
音読み
fruit

果実

かじつformal(edible juicy and sweet) fruit
result

結果

けっかresult; effect; consequence

効果

こうかeffect; efficacy
resolute
果敢なかかんなformalbrave; bold
as expected
果然かぜんvery formalas was expected; sure enough
特別な読み
fruit

果物

くだものfruit

585

investigate

조사할[사];조사하다
音読み
investigate

調査する

ちょうさするslightly formalto examine; to investigate; to research

検査する

けんさするslightly formalto examine; to inspect; to test; to check
1  捜査そうさformalcriminal investigation
1  審査しんさformaljudging (of a competition); screening; examination
巡査じゅんさformalconstable;archaicpoliceman
*査定するさていするformalto assess; to evaluate

586

ショウ

military leader; general officer; leader; hold;

be about to do

将;统率者;带將;統率者;帶장수[장];장수;장교;통솔자;들다;장차
音読み
military leader
*将軍しょうぐんarchaicpopular name for a general;historicalshogun; shōgun(< an abbreviation of "征夷大将軍"(せいいたいしょうぐん), literally means 'Commander-in-Chief of the Expeditionary Force Against the Barbarians', the highest office of the warrior class in the age of warrior government in Japan
general officer; leader
*大将たいしょうgeneral; admiral; athlete who competes in the last match of a team competition (kendo, judo, etc.);archaicboss
general officer
中将ちゅうじょうlieutenant general; vice-admiral
少将しょうしょうmajor general; rear admiral
*将校しょうこうformalcommissioned officer
将棋しょうぎshōgi (also known as Japanese chess, a strategy board game for two players)
leader
*主将しゅしょうslightly formalcaptain of a sports team
be about to do

将来

しょうらいsubjectivefuture (which has some prospects about a concrete object such as person, organization, etc.)

587

わざ

skill

; technique; sport
技;赛技;賽재주[기];재주;기법;경기
 訓読み
skill; technique
1  

わざskill; technique (as a personal capability)
音読み
skill
技術ぎじゅつskill; technique
1  

特技

とくぎone's special talent

588

ジュツ

method;

art

; trick
재주[술];방책;기예;책략
音読み
method
1  戦術せんじゅつtactics
art
美術びじゅつslightly formal(fine) art

美術館

びじゅつかんart museum
芸術げいじゅつslightly formalart (芸= art
芸術家げいじゅつかslightly formalartist

技術

ぎじゅつskill; technique
技術者ぎじゅつしゃengineer; technical expert; technician

手術

しゅじゅつ(surgical) operation
trick
術中じゅっちゅう(the opponent's) trick

589

と(く)

、と(かす)

と(ける)

カイ

、ゲ
take apart; dissolve; thaw; release; untangle;

clarify

; equation solution
解;梳解;梳풀[해];분해하다;풀다;(얼음이나 눈이) 녹다;빗다;명백히 하다
 訓読み
dissolve; release; clarify

解く

とくto untie; to remove (one's misunderstanding, a prohibition, etc.); to relieve (someone of the post); to solve (a problem)
dissolve; thaw; release; clarify

解ける

とけるvi.to come untied; (of ice, snow,) to melt away [thaw]; (of tension,) to be eased; (of misunderstanding, a prohibition, etc.,) to be removed; to be solved (potential form of "解く")
thaw; untangle
解かすとかすvt. to melt away [thaw] (ice, snow); to comb (one's hair)
音読み
take apart; dissolve
分解するぶんかいするto resolve (into); to decompose; to break up (into); to take apart (to pieces); to dissolve
解散するかいさんするto dissolve (an organization, an assembly)
dissolve
*解消するかいしょうするslightly formalto dissolve (a relationship, an engagement); to get rid of (stress, frustration, traffic jam); to eliminate [resolve] (a conflict, a problem)
*解約するかいやくするto cancel (a contract (契約 けいやく) , a reservation (予約 よやく) ), to close (a bank account)
thaw
*解凍するかいとうするto defrost (a frozen food); to decompress [extract, unzip] (a compressed file)
release
1  解放するかいほうする 《slightly formalto liberate; to emancipate; to release (from restraint, duty, load, etc.)

解熱

げねつmedicalreduction of fever (of the body); pyretolysis
clarify

解答

かいとうformalanswer (to a question); solution (of [to] a problem)
1  正解せいかいslightly formalcorrect [right] answer
*不正解ふせいかいslightly formalincorrect answer

解決する

かいけつするslightly formalto solve; to resolve (a problem, difficulty, etc.)

解説する

かいせつするslightly formalto explain in detail; to comment (on the news)

理解する

りかいするslightly formalto understand; to comprehend
誤解ごかいmisunderstanding (誤= mistake
1  了解するりょうかいするslightly formalto agree; to understand (the circumstances of things)
*読解どっかいformalreading comprehension
聴解ちょうかいformallistening comprehension
equation solution
かいmathematicssolution (of equation)
document from a lower to a higher
解文げぶみhistoricaldocument submitted to one's superior
解由状げゆじょうhistoricaldocument certifying that the transfer of administrative affairs have been completed (under the Ritsuryō system)





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