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日本語学習者のための漢字634 語彙リスト詳細版
語彙リスト詳細版凡例

第39課
605

もう(ける)

セツ

set up

베풀[설];차리다
 訓読み
set up
1  

設ける

もうけるformalto establish (an organization, institution, etc.); to set up (a facilities, standard, etc.)
音読み
set up

設備

せつびequipment; facilities (generally installed indoors)
1  設置せっちformalinstallation (of a machine or an equipment); establishment (of an institution or an equipment as a part of organization or facilities for a certain purpose)

建設

けんせつformalconstruction

設計

せっけいslightly formaldesign; planning

606

be endowed with; embodied;

implement

; ingredients; current situation; detail
具;配料;现状;详尽具;配料;現狀;細節
갖출[구];갖추다;구체화된;도구;건더기;지금의 형편;상세하다
音読み
be endowed with
*具体的なぐたいてきなslightly formalconcrete (↔ "抽象的な"(ちゅうしょうてきな) slightly formalabstract
implement

家具

かぐfurniture

道具

どうぐtool; instrument; implement (← originally, "equipment necessary for Buddhist training"
文房具ぶんぼうぐstationery
current situation

具合

ぐあいcondition; convenience; manner

607

うつわ

container;

instrument

; capacity; organ
그릇[기];그릇;기구;도량;기관(器官)
 訓読み
container; capacity
1  

うつわslightly archaiccontainer; vessel
音読み
container

食器

しょっきtableware
容器ようきslightly formalcontainer; receptacle (for putting something in); vessel (such as a cask, bottle, cup, or bowl)
1  陶器とうきpottery; earthenware
1  磁器じきporcelain; china
陶磁器とうじきceramics; pottery and porcelain
漆器しっきlacquer ware; japan [ware]
instrument

楽器

がっきmusical instrument
武器ぶきweapon; arms
1  兵器へいき(large-scale) weapon [arms]
*

炊飯器

すいはんきrice cooker (炊= cook (rice)
消火器しょうかきfire extinguisher
organ
*呼吸器こきゅうきmedicalrespiratory organ
*消化器しょうかきmedicaldigestive organ

608

たまご

ラン

egg

; ovum; novice
卵;蛋;鸡蛋;未成熟者卵;蛋;雞蛋;未成熟者알[란]([난]);알;달걀;난자;지망생
 訓読み
egg; novice

たまごegg; spawn; roe; chicken egg also written as "玉子" when it refers to a chicken egg for food except "生卵"(なまたまご)); novice e.g., 医者の卵(いしゃのたまご) doctor in the making
egg
*生卵なまたまごraw egg
音読み
egg
*

産卵する

さんらんするformalto lay eggs; to spawn
*鶏卵けいらんformal(chicken) egg
egg; ovum
らんbiologyovum; egg (cell) (=卵子(らんし))
ovum
卵巣らんそうbiologyovary

609

つつ(む)

ホウ

encompass;

wrap

; kitchen
包;庖包;庖쌀[포];둘러싸다;싸다;부엌
 訓読み
wrap

包む

つつむto wrap
小包こづつみpostal or slightly archaicparcel; (postal) package
音読み
encompass
*包囲するほういするformalto encompass; to surround; to lay siege
包含するほうがんするformalto include ; to contain; to imply
wrap
包帯ほうたいbandage
kitchensubstitution kanji of ""(kitchen)

包丁

ほうちょうkitchen knife (< an abbreviation of "包丁刀"(ほうちょうがたな))

610

さら

dish

皿;盘;碟皿;盘;碟그릇[명];접시
 訓読み
dish

さらformal or rough-spokenplate; dish

お皿

おさらpolite or colloquialplate; dish
*小皿こざらsmall plate; small dish
灰皿はいざらashtray
*受け皿うけざらsaucer; organization [system] to receive [take over]

611

あつ(い)

コウ

thick

; great (in degree); enrich; thoughtful; impudent
두터울[후];두껍다;(정도가) 크다;부유하게 하다;두텁다;정성스럽다;뻔뻔스럽다
 訓読み
thick; thoughtful

厚い

あついthick (for flat objects); warm (friendship, hospitality)
手厚いてあついwarm (treatment); generous (support); hospitable (reception)
thick
*厚さあつさobjective(measure of) thickness
*厚みあつみsubjectivethickness
厚着あつぎwearing thick [heavy, warm] clothes; dressing warmly
厚紙あつがみthick paper; cardboard
厚手のあつでのthicks (material such as paper, sweaters, ceramics)
impudent (←"having a thick hide"
1  厚かましいあつかましいimpudent; impertinent; shameless
音読み
thick
重厚なじゅうこうなformalprofound; dignified; grave
thick; great (in degree)
1  濃厚なのうこうなslightly formalthick (liquid); rich (taste, perfume, color); close (contact); very likely; highly possible; passionate
enrich
厚生労働省こうせいろうどうしょうproper nameMinistry of Health, Labour and Welfare
thoughtful
*

温厚な

おんこうなslightly formalmild(-mannered); good-tempered
厚意こういformalkindness; thoughtfulness
impudent (←"having a thick hide"
厚顔無恥なこうがんむちなformalimpudent; shameless

612

うす(い)

うす(める)

、うす(まる)、うす(らぐ)、うす(れる)

ハク

thin

; faint; light in color; weak (taste, liquid, etc.); small (in degree); little (impression, interest); heartless; close at hand; somehow
薄;隐约薄;隱約엷을[박];엷다;적다;연하다;싱겁다;박하다;다가오다;어렴풋이
 訓読み
thin; faint; light in color; weak (taste, liquid, impression, etc.); small (in degree);
little (impression, interest)

薄い

うすいthin (for flat objects, concentration of solution, air, etc.); light [pale] (color); weak (taste); small (margins, thickness); little (impression, interest)
thin
薄まるうすまるvi.to be diluted; to be reduced (liquid concentration with water or a thinner); to be lessen (characteristic strength)

薄める

うすめるvt.to dilute; to reduce (liquid concentration with water or a thinner); to lessen (characteristic strength)
*薄さうすさthinness (for flat objects)
薄着うすぎwearing thin [light] clothes
薄手のうすでのthin (materials such as paper, sweaters, ceramics)
faint
*薄れるうすれるto fade; to become fainter
薄暗いうすぐらいdim; gloomy
small (in degree)
品薄しなうすshort supply
薄曇りうすぐもりslightly cloudy
somehow
薄々うすうす(feel) vaguely
薄気味悪いうすきみわるいuncanny; weird; creepy
音読み
thin
薄氷はくひょうformalthin ice
faint; weak (will, evidence, etc.)
1  

薄弱な

はくじゃくなformalfaint-hearted; weak (will, character, evidence); flimsy
faint
薄幸はっこうformallack of happiness; ill-starred
薄命はくめいformalill luck; ill-fated; short life
small (in degree)
薄利多売はくりたばいslightly formalsmall profits and quick returns
薄力粉はくりきこcake flour; low-gluten flour (↔ "強力粉"(きょうりきこ) bread flour
heartless
軽薄なけいはくなfrivolous; flippant
薄情なはくじょうなheartless; cold-hearted

613

しお

エン

salt

소금[염];소금;염
 訓読み
salt

しおsalt
*塩水しおみずsalt water
音読み
salt
えんchemistrysalt
塩水えんすいformalsalt water

食塩

しょくえんslightly formal(table) salt
*

塩分

えんぶんslightly formalsalinity; salt content
塩基えんきchemistrybase
塩素えんそchemistrychlorine (←"obtained by electrolysis of saline")(素= element
<abbreviation of "塩素">
塩酸えんさんchemistryhydrochloric acid; (former name) muriatic acid
塩化ナトリウムえんかなとりうむchemistrysodium chloride

614

{fruit};

confectionery

{果};点心{菓};點心과자[과];{실과};과자
音読み
confectionery

菓子

かしconfectionery; sweet

お菓子

おかしpolite or colloquialconfectionery; sweet
*和菓子わがしtraditional Japanese confectionery
*洋菓子ようがしconfectionery of Western origin
菓子パンかしぱんsweet bun

615

かた

ケイ

mold;

pattern

; type; (fixed) form
거푸집[형];거푸집;유형;-형;기본 동작
 訓読み
mold; pattern; type; (fixed) form

かたmodel; pattern; mold; formula; (karate) kata (a demonstration of a series of offensive and defensive movements, which is made to be practiced alone targeting a virtual opponent)
mold
歯型はがたmedicalteeth impression; teeth mold cf. "歯形"(はがた) teeth marks
type
*大型のおおがたのlarge-sized; large-scale; large; big
*小型のこがたのsmall-sized; small-scale; small
*新型しんがたnew type; new model; new strain (infectious disease)
*

髪型

かみがた «also written as "髪形hairstyle (髪= hair
*血液型けつえきがたblood type [group]
音読み
pattern

文型

ぶんけいgrammarsentence pattern
type
典型てんけいslightly formalperfect type; epitome (典= fundamental
*典型的なてんけいてきなtypical; representative

616

トウ

hot water

; hot drink; decoction; hot bath
开水;热饮;洗澡開水;熱飲;洗澡끓일[탕];더운물;따뜻한 음료;탕약;목욕
 訓読み
hot water
formal; archaic when used in a conversationhot water

お湯

おゆcolloquialhot water
湯気ゆげsteam
hot drink
湯飲みゆのみteacup (for Japanese tea) (< an abbreviation of "湯飲み茶碗"(ゆのみぢゃわん))
hot bath
湯上がりゆあがりslightly archaicafter (taking) a bath
音読み
hot water
1  

熱湯

ねっとうboiling water
hot drink
般若湯はんにゃとうBuddhist priest jargonsake; alcohol drink
hot bath
*銭湯せんとうpublic bathhouse (銭= money

617

たも()

care for child; protect;

preserve

; undertake; employee; unit consisting of households
保;员工保;員工보호할[보];어린이를 보살피다;보호하다;지키다;떠맡다;고용인;편호조직 단위
 訓読み
preserve

保つ

たもつslightly formalto keep (up); to retain; to maintain; to preserve
音読み
care for child
1  保育ほいくformalnurturing; (child) day care

保育園

ほいくえんnursery school
保育士ほいくしnursery school teacher; childcare worker
protect
保護するほごするto protect; to guard; to safeguard; to conserve (cultural assets, the natural environment, etc. from destruction or harm); to take (a child) into custody
保健ほけんpreservation of health; (school subject of) health education
*保健所ほけんじょpublic health (care) center
1  保守ほしゅformalconservatism; maintenance
*保守的なほしゅてきなconservative
preserve

保存する

ほぞんするto preserve; to conserve; to save (data) (存= exist; retain
1  保温ほおんslightly formalheat retaining; keep warm
1  確保するかくほするslightly formalto secure; to obtain [reserve] surely; to retain (staff)
undertake
1  

保険

ほけんinsurance

保険証

ほけんしょう(health) insurance card (証= proof
保証ほしょうguarantee; warranty; assurance
保証書ほしょうしょ(written) guarantee; warranty
保証人ほしょうにんguarantor

618

かた(い)

かた(まる)

、かた(める)

firm

; solid; originally; imprison
固;锢固;錮굳을[고];굳다;원래;가두다
 訓読み
firm

固い

かたいfirm
firm; solid

固まる

かたまるto get firm; to solidify; (of a computer, a screen,) to be frozen
音読み
firm
1  固定するこていするslightly formalto fasten; to fix; to secure
1  

頑固な

がんこなobstinate (頑= stubborn
solid

固体

こたいsolid (solid body)
originally
1  固有のこゆうのformalpeculiar; inherent

619

かた

ヘン

fragment; slight; incomplete;

one of both

;

settlement

; off-center
片;一只;处理;偏僻片;一隻;處理;偏僻조각[편];조각;조금;불완전하다;짝;결말;외진
 訓読み
slight
片手間にかたてまにin one's spare time
incomplete
片仮名かたかな «generally written in katakana» katakana (Japanese syllabary characters derived from components or fragments of kanji)
1  片言かたことbroken [halting] language
one of both
*

片方

かたほうone of a pair; one side (↔ "両方"(りょうほう) both
*片側かたがわone side (↔ "両側"(りょうがわ) both sides
片道かたみちone-way [single] (trip, ticket) (↔ "往復"(おうふく) round-trip
*

片手

かたてone hand
*片足かたあしone foot; one leg

片足立ち

かたあしだちstanding on one leg; single-leg stance; one-legged standing
*片腕かたうでone arm; one's right hand (person, PC, etc.)
1  片思いかたおもいone-sided love; unrequited lovew
片寄るかたよる «generally written as "偏るto be one-sided; to be biased; to be prejudiced
settlement

片付く

かたづく «also written as "片づくvi.to be put in order; to be settled

片付ける

かたづける «also written as "片づけるvt.to put in order; to put away; to clear up; to clean up
off-center
片田舎かたいなかremote countryside
音読み
fragment

破片

はへんfragment; broken piece (破= break
*断片だんぺんformalfragment; fraction; piece
one of both
片務的なへんむてきなsocial science and formalunilateral





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