日本語学習者のための漢字634 語彙リスト詳細版
語彙リスト詳細版凡例
第39課
605
設
/设/設/베풀[설];차리다
訓読み
◎ set up
1 設ける
もうける 《formal》to establish (an organization, institution, etc.); to set up (a facilities, standard, etc.)
音読み
◎ set up
設備
せつび equipment; facilities (generally installed indoors)
1 設置 せっち 《formal》installation (of a machine or an equipment); establishment (of an institution or an equipment as a part of organization or facilities for a certain purpose)
建設
けんせつ 《formal》construction
設計
せっけい 《slightly formal》design; planning
606
具
ⓐ be endowed with; ⓑ embodied; ⓒ implement
; ⓓ ingredients; ⓔ current situation; ⓕ detail
/具;配料;现状;详尽/具;配料;現狀;細節
/갖출[구];갖추다;구체화된;도구;건더기;지금의 형편;상세하다
音読み
ⓐ be endowed with
* 具体的な ぐたいてきな 《slightly formal》concrete (↔ "抽象的な"(ちゅうしょうてきな) 《slightly formal》abstract)
ⓒ implement
道具
どうぐ tool; instrument; implement (← originally, "equipment necessary for Buddhist training")
文房具 ぶんぼうぐ stationery
ⓔ current situation
具合
ぐあい condition; convenience; manner
607
器
ⓐ container; ⓑ instrument
; ⓒ capacity; ⓓ organ
/器/器/그릇[기];그릇;기구;도량;기관(器官)
訓読み
ⓐ container; ⓒ capacity
1 器
うつわ 《slightly archaic》container; vessel
音読み
ⓐ container
容器 ようき 《slightly formal》container; receptacle (for putting something in); vessel (such as a cask, bottle, cup, or bowl)
1 陶器 とうき pottery; earthenware
1 磁器 じき porcelain; china
‡ 陶磁器 とうじき ceramics; pottery and porcelain
‡ 漆器 しっき lacquer ware; japan [ware]
ⓑ instrument
楽器
がっき musical instrument
武器 ぶき weapon; arms
1 兵器 へいき (large-scale) weapon [arms]
* 炊飯器
すいはんき rice cooker (炊= cook (rice))
‡ 消火器 しょうかき fire extinguisher
ⓓ organ
* 呼吸器 こきゅうき 《medical》respiratory organ
* 消化器 しょうかき 《medical》digestive organ
608
卵
/卵;蛋;鸡蛋;未成熟者/卵;蛋;雞蛋;未成熟者/알[란]([난]);알;달걀;난자;지망생
訓読み
ⓐ egg; ⓒ novice
↓卵
たまご egg; spawn; roe; chicken egg (also written as "玉子" when it refers to a chicken egg for food except "生卵"(なまたまご)); novice (e.g., 医者の卵(いしゃのたまご) doctor in the making)
ⓐ egg
* 生卵 なまたまご raw egg
音読み
ⓐ egg
* 産卵する
さんらんする 《formal》to lay eggs; to spawn
* 鶏卵 けいらん 《formal》(chicken) egg
ⓐ egg; ⓑ ovum
‡↑卵 らん 《biology》ovum; egg (cell) (=卵子(らんし))
ⓑ ovum
‡ 卵巣 らんそう 《biology》ovary
609
包
ⓐ encompass; ⓑ wrap
; ⓒ kitchen
/包;庖/包;庖/쌀[포];둘러싸다;싸다;부엌
訓読み
ⓑ wrap
小包 こづつみ 《postal or slightly archaic》parcel; (postal) package
音読み
ⓐ encompass
* 包囲する ほういする 《formal》to encompass; to surround; to lay siege
‡ 包含する ほうがんする 《formal》to include ; to contain; to imply
ⓑ wrap
包帯 ほうたい bandage
ⓒ kitchen(substitution kanji of "庖"(kitchen))
包丁
ほうちょう kitchen knife (< an abbreviation of "包丁刀"(ほうちょうがたな))
610
皿
/皿;盘;碟/皿;盘;碟/그릇[명];접시
訓読み
◎ dish
↓皿
さら 《formal or rough-spoken》plate; dish
↑お皿
おさら 《polite or colloquial》plate; dish
* 小皿 こざら small plate; small dish
灰皿 はいざら ashtray
* 受け皿 うけざら saucer; organization [system] to receive [take over]
611
厚
ⓐ thick
; ⓑ great (in degree); ⓒ enrich; ⓓ thoughtful; ⓔ impudent
/厚/厚/두터울[후];두껍다;(정도가) 크다;부유하게 하다;두텁다;정성스럽다;뻔뻔스럽다
訓読み
ⓐ thick; ⓓ thoughtful
厚い
あつい thick (for flat objects); warm (friendship, hospitality)
‡ 手厚い てあつい warm (treatment); generous (support); hospitable (reception)
ⓐ thick
* 厚さ あつさ 《objective》(measure of) thickness
* 厚み あつみ 《subjective》thickness
‡ 厚着 あつぎ wearing thick [heavy, warm] clothes; dressing warmly
‡ 厚紙 あつがみ thick paper; cardboard
‡ 厚手の あつでの thicks (material such as paper, sweaters, ceramics)
ⓔ impudent (←"having a thick hide")
1 厚かましい あつかましい impudent; impertinent; shameless
音読み
ⓐ thick
‡ 重厚な じゅうこうな 《formal》profound; dignified; grave
ⓐ thick; ⓑ great (in degree)
1 濃厚な のうこうな 《slightly formal》thick (liquid); rich (taste, perfume, color); close (contact); very likely; highly possible; passionate
ⓒ enrich
厚生労働省 こうせいろうどうしょう 《proper name》Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
ⓓ thoughtful
* 温厚な
おんこうな 《slightly formal》mild(-mannered); good-tempered
‡ 厚意 こうい 《formal》kindness; thoughtfulness
ⓔ impudent (←"having a thick hide")
‡ 厚顔無恥な こうがんむちな 《formal》impudent; shameless
612
薄
訓
うす(い)
、うす(める)
、うす(まる)、うす(らぐ)、うす(れる)
ⓐ thin
; ⓑ faint; ⓒ light in color; ⓓ weak (taste, liquid, etc.); ⓔ small (in degree); ⓕ little (impression, interest); ⓖ heartless; ⓗ close at hand; ⓘ somehow
/薄;隐约/薄;隱約/엷을[박];엷다;적다;연하다;싱겁다;박하다;다가오다;어렴풋이
訓読み
ⓐ thin; ⓑ faint; ⓒ light in color; ⓓ weak (taste, liquid, impression, etc.); ⓔ small (in degree);
ⓕ little (impression, interest)
薄い
うすい thin (for flat objects, concentration of solution, air, etc.); light [pale] (color); weak (taste); small (margins, thickness); little (impression, interest)
ⓐ thin
薄まる うすまる ⦅vi.⦆ to be diluted; to be reduced (liquid concentration with water or a thinner); to be lessen (characteristic strength)
薄める
うすめる ⦅vt.⦆ to dilute; to reduce (liquid concentration with water or a thinner); to lessen (characteristic strength)
* 薄さ うすさ thinness (for flat objects)
‡ 薄着 うすぎ wearing thin [light] clothes
‡ 薄手の うすでの thin (materials such as paper, sweaters, ceramics)
ⓑ faint
* 薄れる うすれる to fade; to become fainter
薄暗い うすぐらい dim; gloomy
ⓔ small (in degree)
‡ 品薄 しなうす short supply
‡ 薄曇り うすぐもり slightly cloudy
ⓘ somehow
‡ 薄々 うすうす (feel) vaguely
‡ 薄気味悪い うすきみわるい uncanny; weird; creepy
音読み
ⓐ thin
‡ 薄氷 はくひょう 《formal》thin ice
ⓑ faint; ⓓ weak (will, evidence, etc.)
1 薄弱な
はくじゃくな 《formal》faint-hearted; weak (will, character, evidence); flimsy
ⓑ faint
‡ 薄幸 はっこう 《formal》lack of happiness; ill-starred
‡ 薄命 はくめい 《formal》ill luck; ill-fated; short life
ⓔ small (in degree)
‡ 薄利多売 はくりたばい 《slightly formal》small profits and quick returns
‡ 薄力粉 はくりきこ cake flour; low-gluten flour (↔ "強力粉"(きょうりきこ) bread flour)
ⓖ heartless
‡ 軽薄な けいはくな frivolous; flippant
‡ 薄情な はくじょうな heartless; cold-hearted
613
塩
/盐/鹽/소금[염];소금;염
訓読み
◎ salt
*↓塩水 しおみず salt water
音読み
◎ salt
‡↑塩 えん 《chemistry》salt
‡↑塩水 えんすい 《formal》salt water
食塩
しょくえん 《slightly formal》(table) salt
* 塩分
えんぶん 《slightly formal》salinity; salt content
‡ 塩基 えんき 《chemistry》base
‡ 塩素 えんそ 《chemistry》chlorine (←"obtained by electrolysis of saline")(素= element)
○<abbreviation of "塩素">
‡ 塩酸 えんさん 《chemistry》hydrochloric acid; (former name) muriatic acid
‡ 塩化ナトリウム えんかなとりうむ 《chemistry》sodium chloride
614
菓
/{果};点心/{菓};點心/과자[과];{실과};과자
音読み
◎ confectionery
↓菓子
かし confectionery; sweet
↑お菓子
おかし 《polite or colloquial》confectionery; sweet
* 和菓子 わがし traditional Japanese confectionery
* 洋菓子 ようがし confectionery of Western origin
‡ 菓子パン かしぱん sweet bun
615
型
ⓐ mold; ⓑ pattern
; ⓒ type; ⓓ(fixed) form
/型/型/거푸집[형];거푸집;유형;-형;기본 동작
訓読み
ⓐ mold; ⓑ pattern; ⓒ type; ⓓ(fixed) form
型
かた model; pattern; mold; formula; (karate) kata (a demonstration of a series of offensive and defensive movements, which is made to be practiced alone targeting a virtual opponent)
ⓐ mold
‡ 歯型 はがた 《medical》teeth impression; teeth mold (cf. "歯形"(はがた) teeth marks)
ⓒ type
* 大型の おおがたの large-sized; large-scale; large; big
* 小型の こがたの small-sized; small-scale; small
* 新型 しんがた new type; new model; new strain (infectious disease)
* 髪型
かみがた «also written as "髪形"» hairstyle (髪= hair)
* 血液型 けつえきがた blood type [group]
音読み
ⓑ pattern
文型
ぶんけい 《grammar》sentence pattern
ⓒ type
典型 てんけい 《slightly formal》perfect type; epitome (典= fundamental)
* 典型的な てんけいてきな typical; representative
616
湯
ⓐ hot water
; ⓑ hot drink; ⓒ decoction; ⓓ hot bath
/开水;热饮;洗澡/開水;熱飲;洗澡/끓일[탕];더운물;따뜻한 음료;탕약;목욕
訓読み
ⓐ hot water
↓湯 ゆ 《formal; archaic when used in a conversation》hot water
↑お湯
おゆ 《colloquial》hot water
湯気 ゆげ steam
ⓑ hot drink
湯飲み ゆのみ teacup (for Japanese tea) (< an abbreviation of "湯飲み茶碗"(ゆのみぢゃわん))
ⓓ hot bath
‡ 湯上がり ゆあがり 《slightly archaic》after (taking) a bath
音読み
ⓐ hot water
ⓑ hot drink
‡ 般若湯 はんにゃとう 《Buddhist priest jargon》sake; alcohol drink
ⓓ hot bath
* 銭湯 せんとう public bathhouse (銭= money)
617
保
ⓐ care for child; ⓑ protect; ⓒ preserve
; ⓓ undertake; ⓔ employee; ⓕ unit consisting of households
/保;员工/保;員工/보호할[보];어린이를 보살피다;보호하다;지키다;떠맡다;고용인;편호조직 단위
訓読み
ⓒ preserve
保つ
たもつ 《slightly formal》to keep (up); to retain; to maintain; to preserve
音読み
ⓐ care for child
1 保育 ほいく 《formal》nurturing; (child) day care
保育士 ほいくし nursery school teacher; childcare worker
ⓑ protect
保護する ほごする to protect; to guard; to safeguard; to conserve (cultural assets, the natural environment, etc. from destruction or harm); to take (a child) into custody
保健 ほけん preservation of health; (school subject of) health education
* 保健所 ほけんじょ public health (care) center
1 保守 ほしゅ 《formal》conservatism; maintenance
* 保守的な ほしゅてきな conservative
ⓒ preserve
保存する
ほぞんする to preserve; to conserve; to save (data) (存= exist; retain)
1 保温 ほおん 《slightly formal》heat retaining; keep warm
1 確保する かくほする 《slightly formal》to secure; to obtain [reserve] surely; to retain (staff)
ⓓ undertake
保険証
ほけんしょう (health) insurance card (証= proof)
保証 ほしょう guarantee; warranty; assurance
保証書 ほしょうしょ (written) guarantee; warranty
保証人 ほしょうにん guarantor
618
固
ⓐ firm
; ⓑ solid; ⓒ originally; ⓓ imprison
/固;锢/固;錮/굳을[고];굳다;원래;가두다
訓読み
ⓐ firm
ⓐ firm; ⓑ solid
固まる
かたまる to get firm; to solidify; (of a computer, a screen,) to be frozen
音読み
ⓐ firm
1 固定する こていする 《slightly formal》to fasten; to fix; to secure
1 頑固な
がんこな obstinate (頑= stubborn)
ⓑ solid
固体
こたい solid (solid body)
ⓒ originally
1 固有の こゆうの 《formal》peculiar; inherent
619
片
ⓐ fragment; ⓑ slight; ⓒ incomplete; ⓓ one of both
; ⓔ settlement
; ⓕ off-center
/片;一只;处理;偏僻/片;一隻;處理;偏僻/조각[편];조각;조금;불완전하다;짝;결말;외진
訓読み
ⓑ slight
‡ 片手間に かたてまに in one's spare time
ⓒ incomplete
片仮名 かたかな «generally written in katakana» katakana (Japanese syllabary characters derived from components or fragments of kanji)
1 片言 かたこと broken [halting] language
ⓓ one of both
* 片方
かたほう one of a pair; one side (↔ "両方"(りょうほう) both)
* 片側 かたがわ one side (↔ "両側"(りょうがわ) both sides)
片道 かたみち one-way [single] (trip, ticket) (↔ "往復"(おうふく) round-trip)
* 片足 かたあし one foot; one leg
片足立ち
かたあしだち standing on one leg; single-leg stance; one-legged standing
* 片腕 かたうで one arm; one's right hand (person, PC, etc.)
1 片思い かたおもい one-sided love; unrequited lovew
片寄る かたよる «generally written as "偏る"» to be one-sided; to be biased; to be prejudiced
ⓔ settlement
片付く
かたづく «also written as "片づく"» ⦅vi.⦆ to be put in order; to be settled
片付ける
かたづける «also written as "片づける"» ⦅vt.⦆ to put in order; to put away; to clear up; to clean up
ⓕ off-center
‡ 片田舎 かたいなか remote countryside
音読み
ⓐ fragment
破片
はへん fragment; broken piece (破= break)
* 断片 だんぺん 《formal》fragment; fraction; piece
ⓓ one of both
‡ 片務的な へんむてきな 《social science and formal》unilateral